• 论文
主办单位:煤炭科学研究总院有限公司、中国煤炭学会学术期刊工作委员会
“东部草原区大型煤电基地生态修复与综合整治技术及示范”专辑特约主编致读者
  • Title

    Progress of ecological restoration and comprehensive remediation technology in large-scale coal-fired power base in the eastern grassland area of China

  • 作者

    李全生

  • Author

    LI Quansheng1,2

  • Organization
    1. State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining,Beijing  100011,China; 2. China Energy Investment Corporation,Bei-jing  100011,China
  • 摘要

    东部草原区位于我国生态安全“两屏三带” 的北方防沙带,该区 域聚集了锡林浩特和呼伦贝尔两大煤电基地,以露天开采为主,产能 超过4 亿t,是我国东北区域重要的能源供应基地。习近平总书记在 内蒙古自治区考察时指出,要筑牢我国北方重要生态安全屏障,坚持 生态优先、绿色发展。为搞好煤电基地生态保护指明了方向。国家 科技部于2016 年启动了“典型脆弱生态修复与保护研究”重点专项, 将东部草原区大型煤电基地生态修复与综合整治技术及示范作为重 点研发计划项目纳入其中。

  • Abstract
    A large-scale coal-fired power base in the eastern grassland area is located in the eastern part of the north- ern anti-sand belt of “Two-barrier and Three-belt” scheme in China,and the development of regional coal power base has a certain influence on the surrounding ecological environment. The “Ecological Restoration and Integrated Remedi- ation Technology and Demonstration Research of Large-scale Coal Power Bases in the Eastern Prairie Region” re- search project was launched in 2016. In terms of the problems of unclear impact boundary and cumulative effect of the development of coal power base on the regional ecological elements of water,soil and vegetation,the ecological restoration technology and safety control method in mining area are required,therefore,the major technical research and engi- neering demonstration are carried out. According to the national key R&D plan,this paper puts forward the connotation of ecological environment protection of coal-fired power base,and constructs the concept of active ecological derogation based on the active derogation of mining source,covering the whole life cycle including prior to mining,mining in pro- gress,end of mining and pit closure,with the goal of minimizing the ecological damage of coal mining,and realizing water,soil,vegetation indicators reaching or better than the ecological background values prior to mining. From the basic theory,key technologies, integrated demonstration and regional control mode, the project research progress is elaborated. Firstly,in terms of basic theoretical research,a hydro-logical monitoring platform and network,and the full- space time-shift monitoring system of the ecological elements of coal-fired power base are constructed,which is one of the real-time observation system of meteorological and near-surface soil. The boundary and influence degree of coal mining on groundwater,soil physical and chemical properties and vegetation cover are clarified,and the method of landscape and regional ecological evaluation are put forward. Secondly,in the research of key technology aspects,the integrated technology of extraction and discharge based on ecological derogation is proposed. The three-dimensional water storage technology system of open-pit coal mine combining ground and underground is constructed. The type of the water-conducting crack of strata and its water-flow characteristics are obtained. This paper puts forward the ground- water in-situ protection technology,optimizes and designs open-pit mine drainage field surface slope shaping technolo- gy,investigates the surface soil substitute materials,selects the local vegetation species adapted to the eastern grassland area,puts forward the organic biological improvement technology for soil quality improvement,and optimizes the re- gional landscape distribution. Thirdly,the above-mentioned key technologies are integrated and demonstrated in Hulun- buir and Xilinhot coal power bases. Three preliminary demonstration projects are completed in two regions. The ecolog- ical restoration and comprehensive remediation system of coal power base in the eastern grassland area is basically constructed,and the demonstration is applied in the typical mining area,which will provide a technical support for the ecological environment protection in the region.
  • KeyWords

    eastern grassland area;coal mining;ecological restoration;integration of mining,soil drainage and land reclamation

  • DOI
  • Citation
    LI Quansheng. Progress of ecological restoration and comprehensive remediation technology in large-scale coal-fired power base in the eastern grassland area of China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2019,44(12):3625-3635.
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主办单位:煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 中国煤炭学会学术期刊工作委员会

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