5G技术的到来,强化和深度融合了物联网、大数据、人工智能等技术,已经形成了较为成熟的 5G 技术生态,有力推动了包括煤炭企业在内的各个行业的转型升级和智能化发展。

 通过分析移动通信技术与煤矿建设的关系,明确了 5G 技术在煤矿生产中所具有的重要作用,揭示了 5G 技术生态是智能煤矿建设的重要推动力;

详析分析了当前制约煤矿智能化的井下高效通信、装备智能化、决策智能化等方面的主要问题,并且从 5G 技术生态的角度探讨了解决当前问题的技术手段;

研究了智能煤矿的内涵,提出了智能煤矿的定义,明确了智能煤矿必须具备时空一体、万物互联、数据融合、全息感知、业务联动、智能决策六大特征;

揭示了智能煤矿基础设施所需要的 5G 技术生态、混合云和 GIM 技术等 3 个技术要素,提出顶层设计中所涉及的云边端思维模式、微服务架构和基于一张图的智能态势分析与决策等 3 个设计理念,从而完成了对智能煤矿建设总体架构的构建。

同时,对智能煤矿建设中包括智能探测、智能掘进、智能开采、智能通风、智能洗选和智能调度在内6个典型应用场景所需的研究重点和方向进行了阐述。 

最后,以延长石油矿业巴拉素煤矿为实例,在兼顾实际开采条件和发展愿景条件下实践了本文提出的智能煤矿建设构想,力求为我国智能煤矿建设提供一种新探索。

The advent of 5G technology has strengthened and deeply integrated the technologies such as the internet of things,big data and artificial intelligence,and has formed a relatively mature 5G technology ecosystem. This has effec- tively promoted the transformation,upgrading and intelligent development of various industries including the coal min- ing industry. Through analyzing the relationship between mobile communication technology and coal mining,this paper clarifies the important role of 5G technology in coal mine production,analyzes the problems associated with smart coal mines,such as 5G communication,intelligent equipment,intelligent decision-making,etc. ,and explores the technical means to solve the existing problems from the angle of 5G technology ecosystem. Moreover,based on the 5G technology ecology,it studies the connotation of smart coal mines,and puts forward the definition of smart coal mines by demon- strating its six necessary characteristics,namely the integration of space and time,the interconnection of all things,data fusion,holographic perception,business linkage and smart decision. Furthermore,it completes the construction of the o- verall architecture of a smart coal mine by revealing three technical elements required for smart coal mine infrastruc- ture,namely 5G technology,hybrid cloud and GIM technology,and proposing three design concepts involved in the top-level design,namely the cloud-side thinking mode,microservice architecture,and one-graph-based intelligent situa- tion analysis and decision. At the same time,it elaborates the research focus and direction required for six typical ap- plication scenarios in the construction of smart coal mines,including intelligent surveying,intelligent heading,intelli- gent mining,intelligent ventilation,intelligent washing and intelligent scheduling. Finally,it takes Balasu Coal Mine as a case to demonstrate the concept of smart coal mine construction by taking into account the actual mining conditions and development visions,providing a new reference for the construction of smart coal mines in China.