• 论文
主办单位:煤炭科学研究总院有限公司、中国煤炭学会学术期刊工作委员会
采动地裂缝三维形态探测方法研究及精度评价
  • Title

    Study on measuring methods for three-dimensional morphology of coal mining subsidence ground fissures and accuracy evaluation

  • 作者

    张健毕银丽彭苏萍

  • Author

    ZHANG Jian,Bi Yinli,PENG Suping

  • 单位

    中国矿业大学(北京) 煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点试验室中国矿业大学(北京) 地球科学与测绘工程学院

  • Organization
    1.State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing ,China;2.College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing ,China
  • 摘要

    煤炭开采诱发地裂缝发育,量化描述地裂缝三维形态是研究地裂缝对环境影响的基础。为获取采煤塌陷地裂缝三维形态信息,结合地裂缝形态特点,研究应用3种新的地裂缝形态测定方法,通过实例应用比较其探测精度,并与传统钢尺量距法作比较,评价其适用性。研究表明,传统钢尺量距法仅可获取地裂缝宽度、长度和深度等信息,无法构建地裂缝三维模型获取体积、面积等其他信息。3种新的地裂缝形态测定方法均可获取地裂缝三维模型,技术特点为:①三维激光扫描法可全面获取地裂缝三维形态信息,对地裂缝宽度和台阶信息测量具有较高精度,但对地裂缝深部探测效果较差,在10 cm台阶高度地裂缝探测试验中,三维激光扫描法所得地裂缝深度、面积、体积相比石膏注浆法分别偏小47%、59%、77%;②三维激光扫描辅以石膏注浆法可获取地裂缝宽度、深度、体积和面积等信息,其中裂缝宽度及深度测量结果与钢尺量距法相比偏差分别低于13%和25%,精度较高,适于对地裂缝三维形态精度要求较高的研究工程,但成本高、具有破坏性,不适于长期动态观测型试验;③探地雷达侧面扫描法操作复杂,且精度受人工主观判断影响较大,但可无损获取地裂缝信息,特别是对于室内模拟地裂缝试验,该方法能方便获取地裂缝形态,满足无损持续观测需求。


  • Abstract
    Coal mining induces the development of ground fissures,and quantitative description of the three-dimensional morphology of ground fissures has important scientific significance.In order to obtain the three-dimensional morphology information of the coal mining subsidence ground fissures,and to compare with the traditional steel ruler measurement method,three new methods for determining the morphology of ground fissures were studied and used in this paper,namely,three-dimensional laser scanning method,three-dimensional laser scanning combined with perfusion gypsum slurry method,and ground penetrating radar scanning method.In addition,their measurement accuracy and technical characteristics were studied by experimental application.These results show that the traditional steel ruler measurement method can obtain fissure width,length and depth,but it cannot establish the three-dimensional model of fissures,and cannot obtain other three-dimensional information such as volume and surface area.The three measurement methods proposed in this paper are feasible and can obtain three-dimensional models of fissures.Their technical features are:The three-dimensional laser scanning fissure measurement method can obtain the three-dimensional morphology digital model,but the deep information of the fissure is difficult to detect.In the 10 cm step height ground fissure detection test,the depth,area,and volume of ground fissures obtained by the three-dimensional laser scanning method were 47%,59%,and 77% smaller than those of the perfusion gypsum slurry method,respectively.Three-dimensional laser scanning combined with perfusion gypsum slurry method can completely obtain three-dimensional morphology information such as fissure width,depth,length,volume and area.Among them,the deviation of the measured fissure width and depth were lower than 13% and 25% compared with those of the steel ruler measurement method,and the accuracy were higher.However,the detection operation is destructive.The ground penetrating radar scanning method,although complicated to operate,can obtain the three-dimensional morphology digital model of fissures,and is suitable for the small-fissure observation in the field and the fissure morphology model acquisition in the indoor simulation experiment.This study provides a variety of detection methods for the acquisition of ground fissure morphology information,which has certain significance for the ecological treatment of coal mining subsidence areas,and provides new detection technology support for the research work of ground fissures.
  • 关键词

    地裂缝形态三维激光扫描探地雷达石膏注浆采煤塌陷

  • KeyWords

    ground fissure morphology;three-dimensional laser scanning;ground penetrating radar;gypsum slurry infusion;coal mining subsidence

  • 引用格式
    张健,毕银丽,彭苏萍.采动地裂缝三维形态探测方法研究及精度评价[J].煤炭科学技术,2020,48(9):236-242.
  • 图表
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主办单位:煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 中国煤炭学会学术期刊工作委员会

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