我国煤系气资源十分丰富，但产业历经30余年建设，2020年地面井产量只占全国天然气总产量的3.07％，发展规模不尽如人意。面向这一困局，中国工程院发起组织了煤层气有效开发建设大产业的战略研讨。笔者借此契机，放眼更为宽广领域，将煤系其他类型天然气一并考虑，在定义煤系气大产业基础上，论证我国建设煤系气大产业的战略价值和可能性，思考目前面临的困难和挑战，提出了突破困局的技术战略选择与保障条件完善建议。类比美国煤层气产业发展历程，认为煤系气大产业形成标志在于2个方面：一是年产量>300亿m³；二是对全国天然气年总产量贡献>4.5％。建设煤系气大产业具有三大战略价值：① 煤系气大产业是国家天然气安全保障基石之一；② 煤系气有效开发将持续助力我国主体能源产业健康发展；③ 煤系气规模性代煤将助力国家“双碳”目标得以实现。我国具有建设煤系气大产业的可行基础，包括强大的国家需求驱动、雄厚的资源基础、扎实的产业布局以及宽广的科技储备4个方面。我国实现煤系气有效开发进而建设大产业仍然面临5方面困难和挑战，即：业内外对煤层气产业发展缺乏耐心，单井产量倍增目标总体上仍未实现，对煤层气探明储量动用率关注不够，新领域新方向探索力度不足，不同类型煤系气矿业权单置。分析认为，发展适用性技术是高效低成本开发我国不同地质条件煤系气资源的惟一途径，机制创新是产业快速发展的保障基础。建议针对5个方面关键技术持续攻关，包括煤矿井下瓦斯低成本高效抽采、老区煤层气井改造与增储提产、深部煤系气优质储层评价与开发、薄互层煤系气勘探与有序开发以及煤炭地下气化-煤系气联采。认为保障条件建设的关键在于2个方面：一是持续组织实施煤系气国家科技重大计划，助推大产业尽快形成；二是先行先试煤系气矿业权合一，激励煤系气资源潜力最大限度释放。

China is very rich in coal measure gas (CMG) resources. Although the CMG industry has been developed for more than 30 years,the production from surface wells only accounts for 3.07% of the total national natural gas production in 2020,which scale is not satisfactory. To overcome the dilemma,the Chinese Academy of Engineering organized a strategic discussion on the effective CGM development for building a large industry. The authors in this paper look at a broader field,consider other types of natural gas in coal measures,demonstrate the strategic value and possibility of building a large CMG industry in China,deliberate the current difficulties and challenges,and put forward some suggestions on the choice of technical strategy and the improvement of guarantee conditions to overcome the dilemma. By analogy with the development process of coalbed methane (CBM) industry in the United States,it is considered that the formation of a large CMG industry is marked by two aspects,i.e.,the annual production of more than 30 billion cubic meters and the contribution of more than 4.5% to the total annual production of natural gas in China. The development of a large CMG industry has three strategic values. Firstly,the large industry is one of the cornerstones of national natural gas security. Secondly,the effective CMG development will continue to help the healthy development of China’s main energy industry. Thirdly,the large scale development and utilization of CMG will help the favorable realization of the national “double carbon”goal. China has a feasible foundation for building a large CMG industry,including a strong national demand,a great potential in CMG resources,implemented solid industrial layout and broad scientific and technological basis. China still faces five difficulties and challenges in realizing an effective CMG development and then building a large industry,i.e.,losing patience in the industry,the single well production that has still not been doubled overall,the insufficient attention to the utilization rate of proved CBM reserves,the insufficient efforts to explore new fields and new directions,and the separately set mining rights for different types of CMG. The analysis shows that the development of applicable technology is the only way to extract CMG resources under different geological conditions in China with high efficiency and low cost,and the mechanism innovation is the guarantee basis for the rapid development of the industry. It is suggested to continuously tackle key technologies in five aspects,including the low-cost and efficient gas extraction in underground coal mines,the reserves and production enhancement of CBM wells in old areas,the evaluation and development of high quality deep CMG reservoirs,the exploration and orderly development of thin interbedded CMG resources,and the UCG (underground coal gasification)CMG combined mining. It is considered that the key to the construction of guarantee conditions lies in two aspects:firstly,continuously implements the national major scientific and technological plan of CMG to promote the formation of the large industry as soon as possible;secondly,tries the integration of CMG mining rights to stimulate the maximum release of CMG resources potential. The relevant understandings and suggestions in this paper may provide reference for strategy formulation and scientific and technological research in the industry.

1 煤系气有效开发和大产业定义

2 我国建设煤系气大产业战略价值

   2.1 建设煤系气大产业是协助保障国家能源安全重要途径

   2.2 建设煤系气大产业将持续助力我国主体能源产业健康发展

   2.3 建设煤层气大产业将助力国家“双碳”目标顺利实现

3 建设我国煤系气大产业可能性

   3.1 我国煤系气大产业建设具备强大需求驱动

   3.2 煤系气大产业建设具备雄厚资源基础

   3.3 我国煤系气大产业建设已形成扎实产业布局

   3.4 我国煤系气大产业建设具备宽广科技储备

4 我国建设煤系气大产业面临困难

5 建设我国煤系气大产业宏观建议

   5.1 我国煤系气有效开发关键技术发展方向

   5.2 关于建设我国煤系气大产业国家政策的建议

6 结论