College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology
Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shaanxi Coal Geology Group Co. ,Ltd.
Coal Geology Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

为了修复矿区因煤矸石堆积造成重金属污染的土壤,以模拟镍污染土壤为研究对象,以垃圾焚烧灰为主料,粉煤灰、膨润土、还原铁粉、硫化亚铁为辅料,通过浸出实验模拟重金属从煤矸石中的浸出质量浓度与迁移规律,探究添加剂的种类和剂量对镍固化/稳定化效率的影响,从而筛选出合适种类的添加剂与剂量,并分析药剂对镍固化/稳定化机理。研究结果表明:当修复药剂中稳定剂生活垃圾焚烧灰的质量比为50%、固化剂粉煤灰的质量比为5%、还原剂还原铁粉的质量比为5%时,修复药剂固化/稳定化效率最高,达到99.61%,土壤中镍的浸出质量浓度最低为0.047mg/L。研究成果可为矿区环境治理提供可行的土壤修复方案。

This study focused on simulating nickel-contaminated soil to remediate soil contaminated with heavy metals due to coal gangue accumulation in mining areas. The primary component of the remediation agent was municipal solid waste incineration ash,supplemented with fly ash,bentonite,reduced iron powder,and ferrous sulfide. Through leaching experiments simulating the leaching mass concentration and migration patterns of heavy metals from coal gangue,the research investigated the influence of additive types and dosages on nickel immobilization/ stabilization efficiency. Suitable additive types and dosages were then selected,followed by an analysis of nickel immobilization/ stabilization mechanism. The results show that when the mass ratio of stabilizer to municipal solid waste incineration ash is 50%,the mass ratio of curing agent to fly ash is 5%,and the mass ratio of reductant to iron powder is 5%,the solidification/ stabilization efficiency of the remediation agent is the highest,reaching 99. 61%,and the leaching concentration of nickel in soil is the lowest,0. 047 mg/ L. This research outcome provides a feasible soil remediation solution for environmental management in mining areas.

宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2023BEG02058);陕西省技术创新引导专项(基金)项目(2022QFY06-04);陕西省“两链”融合重点专项项目(2023-LL-QY-05);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JL-01);秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目(2024QCY-KXJ-137,2022JH-GXQY-0084)

张蕾,刘春江,陈雅,等.矿区煤矸石污染土壤修复药剂的制备及机理分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2025,52(1):160-166.

ZHANG Lei,LIU Chunjiang,CHEN Ya,et al. Preparation and mechanism of remediation agents for coal gangue contaminated soil in mining areas[J]. Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2025,52(1):160-166.