主办单位：煤炭科学研究总院有限公司、中国煤炭学会学术期刊工作委员会
Table3
表 3 稻壳灰分SiO2纯度和比表面积分析和对比
| Sample no. | SiO2 puritya /% | Surface areab /(m2·g−1) | Method | Ref. |
| 1 | 91.17 | − | raw rice husk | this study |
| 2 | 99.70 | 216 | flow mode, 180 ℃ | |
| 3 | 98.91 | 207 | batch mode, 180 ℃ | |
| 4 | 99.86 | 218 | 3% HCl, room temperature | |
| 5 | N.A. | 164 | 10% HCl, 100 ℃ | [26] |
| 6 | 96.89 | N.A. | water rinsing, room temperature | [27] |
| 7 | 99.80 | N.A. | 5% HCl refluxing, 130 ℃ | |
| 8 | 99.52 | N.A. | ion liquid, room temperature | |
| 9 | 95.77 | 116 | raw rice husk | [28] |
| 10 | 99.58 | 218 | 0.5 mol/L HCl, 60 ℃ | |
| 11 | 99.08 | 208 | 0.5 mol/L H2SO4, 60 ℃ | |
| 12 | 91.25 | 21 | raw rice husk | [29] |
| 13 | 97.94 | 134 | hydrothermo-baric treatment, 300 ℃ | |
| 14 | 99.77 | N.A. | 5% citric acid, 80 ℃ | [30] |
| a: by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry; b: calculated by the Brunauer-Emmett-Taller method; N.A., not available. | ||||
Table2
表 2 稻壳及固相产物的化学组成分析
| Pretreatment | Composition wsample/% | Composition wRH/% | |||||||||
| ash | hemi. | cel. | lig. | extract. | ash | hemi. | cel. | lig. | extract. | ||
| RH | 19.9 | 19.3 | 31.8 | 24.2 | 4.8 | 19.9 | 19.3 | 31.8 | 24.2 | 4.8 | |
| Flow mode | 11.9 | 3.3 | 63.5 | 21.3 | <0.1 | 5.5 | 1.5 | 29.4 | 9.9 | <0.1 | |
| Batch mode | 22.1 | 7.2 | 43.2 | 26.5 | 1.1 | 13.8 | 4.5 | 27.0 | 16.5 | 0.7 | |
| Hemi, cel, lig and extract are abbreviations of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin and extractives, respectively. Pretreatment conditions for a flow mode are 180 ℃ for 150 min and 5 mL/min water flow and for a batch mode are 180 ℃ for 60 min and 1∶40 of RH/water mass ratio. | |||||||||||
Table1
表 1 稻壳及固相产物的工业分析、元素分析和热值
| Samplea | Proximate analysis wdry/% | Ultimate analysis wdaf/%b | Atomic ratio | HHVg/ (MJ·kg−1) | ||||||||
| A | Vd | FCe | C | H | N | Of | H/C | O/C | ||||
| RH | 19.9 | 60.6 | 19.5 | 49.0 | 6.4 | 0.5 | 44.1 | 1.5483 | 0.6752 | 14.3 | ||
| RH-160 | 19.0 | 66.2 | 14.8 | 50.2 | 6.2 | 0.4 | 43.3 | 1.4734 | 0.6475 | 14.7 | ||
| RH-170 | 16.8 | 74.7 | 8.5 | 51.1 | 6.0 | 0.4 | 42.5 | 1.3963 | 0.6239 | 15.2 | ||
| RH-180 | 11.9 | 78.9 | 9.2 | 54.3 | 5.4 | 0.3 | 40.1 | 1.1767 | 0.5542 | 16.6 | ||
| RH-190 | 9.0 | 84.2 | 6.8 | 55.2 | 5.1 | 0.3 | 39.5 | 1.0967 | 0.5372 | 17.2 | ||
| RH-180c | 22.1 | 65.3 | 12.6 | 55.5 | 5.9 | 0.4 | 38.2 | 1.2689 | 0.5175 | 15.9 | ||
| a: RH-x samples represent the residual solid, where x is the temperature for hydrothermal pretreatment; b: daf is the abbreviation of dry-ash-free; c: residual solid prepared by a batch mode under conditions of 180 ℃ for 1 h and 1∶40 mass ratio (RH/water); d: volatile matter; d: fixed carbon; e: calculated by difference; f: higher heating value, calculated by Dulong’s formula: Q = 0.3383C+1.442(H−0.125O), where C, H, and O are the contents of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, respectively. | ||||||||||||
主办单位：煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 中国煤炭学会学术期刊工作委员会
