School of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology
Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province for Mine Rock Strata Con⁃trol and Disaster Prevention,Taiyuan University of Technology
Mining Department,Shanxi Institute of Energy

残采区遗留煤柱群(后文简称“群柱”)分布广泛,储量可观,且多为稀缺优质资源,具有良好的开采价值与潜力。残采区群柱遗煤资源长期滞留极易自然发火,污染环境、危害健康且加剧碳排放。残采区群柱遗煤资源受内在特征及外部环境影响可能会发生链式失稳,引发覆岩垮落、地表沉陷、动载矿压、瓦斯涌出、涌水溃砂(泥/煤泥)或火区扩展等多元灾害,并威胁安全绿色开采。残采区群柱遗煤资源开采还会形成大体积的采动空间,也是潜在的可开发“资源”,用于储CO2、储氢、储油、储水等。残采区群柱遗煤资源开采面临的主要技术挑战包括:赋存状况如何精准勘探、附近积水如何超前处理、自然发火如何有效防控、周边积气如何充分处置、开采方法如何科学选择、围岩如何针对性控制等。群柱遗煤资源开采涉及到地下空间的“充填主动开发”与“注浆被动改造”,面临的技术挑战有:关键域充填/注浆位置在哪里、关键域充填/注浆材料用什么、关键域充填/注浆技术参数优化、关键域充填/注浆地下空间稳定运维等技术难题。上述研究有望为残采区群柱遗煤资源绿色开采和空间资源的高效开发提供科学指导与决策依据。残采区群柱遗煤资源的安全绿色高采出率开采与地下空间开发任重道远,需要严格遵守《煤矿安全规程》和地方各级政府部门制定的技术规范与要求,综合考虑精准勘探、积水处理、发火防控、积气处置、方法选择、围岩控制及其他隐患治理等,因地制宜开展群柱遗煤资源开采与地下空间开发的“安全论证-方案设计-理论突破-技术攻关-装备研制”,力争实现残采区群柱遗煤资源的绿色开采与地下空间开发基础理论与关键技术的突破,助力我国煤炭工业的高质量发展。

The remaining coal pillar groups in the residual mining area are widely distributed,with considerable re⁃serves.Most of them are scarce and high⁃quality resources,which have good mining value and potential.Long⁃term re⁃tention of remaining coal resources in residual mining areas is very easy to ignite naturally,polluting the environment,endangering health and aggravating carbon emissions.Due to the internal characteristics and external environmental impact,chain instability may occur in the residual mining area,which may lead to multiple disasters such as overbur⁃den collapse,surface subsidence,dynamic ore pressure,gas gushing,water and sand inrush(pea/coal slime)or fire area expansion,and threaten safe⁃green mining.The mining of remaining coal resources will also form a large volume of mining space,which is also a potential developable“resource”for CO 2,hydrogen,oil and water storage.The main technical challenges faced by the mining remaining coal pillar groups include:how to accurately explore the oc⁃currence status,how to deal with the nearby water in advance,how to effectively prevent and control natural fire,how to fully dispose of the surrounding gas,how to scientifically select the mining method,and how to control the surrounding rock.The mining of remaining coal pillar groups involves the“active development of backfilling”and “passive transformation of grouting”for underground developing,and the technical challenges are as follows:where is the key backfilling/grouting location,what is the key backfilling/grouting material,the optimization of technical pa⁃rameters of key backfilling/grouting,and the stable operation and maintenance of the key backfilling/grouting under⁃ground space.The above research is expected to provide scientific guidance and decision⁃making basis for the green mining of remaining coal pillar resource and the efficient development of space resources in the residual mining area.It is necessary to strictly abide by the“Coal Mine Safety Regulations”,the technical specifications and require⁃ments formulated by local governments at all levels.The precision exploration,water treatment,fire prevention and con⁃trol,gas disposal,method selection,surrounding rock control and other hidden danger management should be compre⁃hensively considered.And the“safety demonstration⁃scheme design⁃theoretical breakthrough⁃technical research⁃equip⁃ment development”should be carried out in mining the remaining coal pillar resources and developing the underground space according.It is strived to achieve a breakthrough in the basic theory and key technology of green mining of remaining coal resources and underground space development in residual mining areas,and help the high⁃quality development of China’s coal industry.

国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(51925402);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(52334005);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(52004171);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(52174125)

冯国瑞,白锦文,马俊彪,等.残采区群柱遗煤资源绿色开采与地下空间开发技术挑战[J].绿色矿山,2023,1(1):91-100 FENG Guorui,BAI Jinwen,MA Junbiao,et al.

Technical challenge of coal pillars resource green mining and un⁃derground space developing in the residual mining area[J].Journal of Green Mine,2023,1(1):91-100.