为明确“双碳”战略下煤炭行业形势及发展方向，探索煤炭企业尤其是选煤企业的应对方法，从我国的能源资源禀赋、能源安全及绿色能源的现状等方面进行了相应分析和论述。分析认为：煤炭在全球一次能源消费中占比相对稳定；我国“富煤、缺油、少气”，石油、天然气对外依存度高，安全风险高，而水电、核电、风电、太阳能、地热能等绿色能源则受自然灾害的影响严重，且目前储能技术发展程度不足；此外，中国经济的高质量发展也需要煤炭作保障。因此，煤炭仍将是我国能源的“稳定器”和“压舱石”，而煤炭清洁、低碳的发展路径可概括为绿色智能开采—智能清洁加工—清洁高效利用。从企业层面讲，煤炭企业要增强危机意识，积极谋划企业战略定位、产业结构以及经营模式，如使产品向化工、碳基新材料等方向转变，形成专业优势和产业互补优势，同时也应认真对待碳治理工作，重视并开展碳交易，以对冲排放成本。从行业层面讲，选煤为煤炭的清洁高效利用提供了保障，可助力企业减少政策风险和环保成本，提高企业产品质量及市场竞争力，仍将大有可为，同时，选煤行业应重视企业的转型发展，如由生产型向经营型转变，也要增强技术创新、大力发展第三方服务等等，以更好地应对“双碳”战略下日益激烈的市场竞争。煤炭消费产生的CO₂占我国总碳排放量的70%左右，要实现“3060”目标，减煤减碳是大趋势，文章对煤炭行业形势的分析以及对煤炭及选煤行业的应对建议将有助于煤炭行业高质量发展。

In order to get a clear understanding of the circumstances and orientation of development of the coal industry against the backdrop of achieving the strategic goals of reaching carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and to explore the approaches to be adopted by the coal-related enterprises, particularly the coal preparation sector to cope with the situation, the paper presents a corresponding analysis and accounts on aspects covering coal resources currently available, energy security and present state of the development of green energy in China. Analysis shows that the share of coal in primary energy consumption remains relatively stable worldwide; China is a coal-rich, oil-deficient and gas-scarce country, and its heavy reliance on imports for oil and gas supplies presents a high risk; the development of green energy such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, solar power and geothermal power tends to be subjected to big impacts brought by natural disasters, and the energy storage capacity is insufficient in technology; and the high-quality economic growth needs to count on coal as a guaranty. Such being the case, coal will remain as a stabilizer and a ballast in the country′s energy mix. The way for the realization of clean coal utilization and low-carbon development can be outlined briefly in a manner as intelligent green mining—intelligent clean processing—clean and high-efficiency utilization. As far as the coal enterprises are concerned, they are required to enhance the sense of crisis, make initiative to define their respective strategic position, industrial structure and business mode, shift the use of coal as fuel to a carbon-based raw stock for use in chemical sector, so as to create the professional superiorities and the capability to complement each other′s strong points. Meanwhile, the coal enterprises should accord great importance to carbon control and carbon trading work for offsetting the carbon emission costs. With regard to the coal industry, coal processing and preparation which plays a backing role for realizing clean and high-efficiency utilization of coal can help reduce policy-related risks and environmental protection expenditures, improve product quality and market competitiveness of enterprises, and there is ample scope for making use of such operations. The coal processing and preparation sector needs to lay stress on transformation of enterprises through turning it from a production model to a business model, enhancement of technologies innovation, and vigorous development of third-party service business, in a bid to better cope with the ever-increasingly severe market competition amid the drive for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. The amount of CO₂ emitted during consumption of coal accounts for around 70% of the country′s total carbon emissions. For achieving the carbon peaking before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060, reduction of consumption of coal and carbon emissions has become a general trend. The analyses made and the proposals put forward in the paper may help promote the high-quality development of coal enterprises.