Beijing Tiandi Huatai Mining Management Co. , Ltd.
CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute Co. , Ltd.

为揭示浅埋厚煤层综放工作面顶板来压及覆岩运移特征,在五家沟矿15304工作面辅运巷内施工钻孔,现场重探顶板岩层分布及关键层位置,并对来压期间的顶板不同层位的裂隙发育特征及破断位置进行监测,分析工作面支架工作阻力分布规律。结果表明:顶板关键层控制工作面覆岩运移及工作面矿压显现,关键层破断引起覆岩剧烈运动及采场剧烈来压,采空区覆岩垮落以规则的弧线状向上发育,其中由顶板中间底部向上部、两端逐渐递减,覆岩破坏形态易形成“马鞍形”。由于亚关键层厚度及强度较大,导致15304工作面推进90m时亚关键层才发生破断引起初次来压,周期来压过程中导水裂隙带逐步向上发育到主关键层附近,厚硬关键层阻断了顶板裂隙继续向上发育。该工作面初次来压步距90m,周期来压来压步距22m;覆岩垮落带最大发育高度为44m左右,导水裂缝带最大发育高度为58m。

To reveal the characteristics of roof stress and overlying rock movement on the fully mechanized top-coal caving face in shallow and thick coal seams, drilling holes were laid in the auxiliary transportation roadway of the No. 15304 working face at Wujiagou Mine to re-probe the distribution of roof rock layers and the key layer position, also to monitor the characteristics of the fissure development and fracture positions at different level, and to analyze the distribution law of working resistance of the support in the working face. The results show that the key layer of the roof controls the movement of the overlying rock above the working face and arises up the mining pressure on the working face. The breaking of the key layer causes severe movement of the overlying rock and intense pressure in the mining area. The overlying rock collapse in the goaf develops in a regular arc shape, gradually decreasing from the middle bottom to the upper part and both ends of the roof. The failure form of the overlying rock is easy to form a “saddle shape”. Due to the large thickness and strength of the sub key layer, it is only when the No. 15304 working face was pushed meters that the sub key layer will break, causing the first weighting. During the periodic weighting, the water conducting fracture zone gradually develops upwards to near the main key layer, and the thick and hard key layer blocked the continued upward development of roof fractures. The first weighting interval of the working face is meters, and the periodic pressure step is meters; The maximum development height of the overlying rock collapse zone is about meters, and the maximum development height of the water conducting fracture zone is meters.

常云博,薛吉胜,郑立永,等.浅埋深厚硬基岩综放工作面覆岩运移破坏规律研究[J].煤炭工程,2024,56(6):144-151.