School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University

焦化废水中存在多种难以降解的有机物质,包括酚类、多环芳烃(PAHs)以及含氮的杂环化合物(NHCs),这些物质对生态环境具有潜在的危害。传统的废水处理技术往往难以有效去除这些有毒有害的污染物。近年来,研究和开发焦化废水的高效处理方法已经引起了业界的高度重视和广泛关注。本文综述了焦化废水处理技术的研究进展,着重探讨了废水的来源、特征、预处理技术、生化处理及深度处理技术。预处理技术如化学沉淀和生物处理被广泛应用,以去除油脂、重金属等污染物。生化处理技术如A/O和A2/O工艺,虽然能有效去除COD和-N,但对难降解有机物的去除效果有限。深度处理技术如膜分离和臭氧催化氧化,能够进一步提高废水处理效率。新型抗污染膜材料的研发,有效延长了膜的使用寿命,降低了频繁清洗带来的成本增加与运行中断风险。此外,讨论了焦化废水零排放策略以及焦化废水处理技术降耗增效需求。零排放策略通过集成工艺实现废水的资源化利用和最小化环境影响。未来研究将聚焦于降低能耗、资源回收与再利用、工艺优化以实现焦化废水处理技术的绿色、低碳发展。

Coking wastewater contains a complex mixture of organic substances that are challenging todecompose, including phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and nitrogen-containingheterocyclic compounds (NHCs). These pollutants pose potential threats to the ecological environmentand are notoriously difficult to remove via traditional wastewater treatment technologies. In recentyears, considerable attention has been directed towards developing more efficient methods for treatingEnergy Environmental Protectioncoking wastewater. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current advancements in cokingwastewater treatment technologies, focusing on their sources, characteristics, pretreatment technologies,biochemical treatments, and advanced treatment technologies. Pretreatment technologies, such aschemical precipitation and biological treatment, are widely employed to remove these pollutants like oil,grease, and heavy metals. Biochemical treatment processes, including A/O and A/O systems,effectively reduce COD and -N levels, yet show limited effectiveness in degrading refractoryorganics. Advanced treatment technologies, such as membrane separation and ozone-catalyzedoxidation, show promise in further improving treatment efficiency. Innovations in anti-foulingmembranes have significantly extended membrane lifespans and reduced the risk of increased costs andoperational interruptions caused by frequent cleaning. Furthermore, this review discusses the zero-discharge strategies for coking wastewater, emphasizing the importance of technologies aimed atreducing energy consumption and enhancing efficiency. Integrated processes can facilitate resourcerecovery while minimizing environmental impacts. Future research will focus on reducing energyconsumption, improving resource recovery and reuse, and optimizing treatment processes to achievegreen and low-carbon treatment of coking wastewater. By advancing these areas, researchers aim tounlock a more sustainable future for this critical sector. Collaboration between scientists and engineerswill be essential for developing novel materials and catalysts that enhance reaction efficiencies whilereducing costs. For instance, self-regenerating catalysts in ozone-catalyzed oxidation could significantlylower replacement frequencies and expenses, offering a practical pathway to cost-effective wastewatertreatment. Optimization of process integration is equally crucial; intelligent combination of treatmentsteps can minimize energy consumption while maximizing resource recovery. A notable example is thecoupling anaerobic digestion with membrane bioreactors, which can simultaneously produce biogas asan energy source and generate purified water for reuse. Moreover, the integration of digital technologiessuch as artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) promises to revolutionize cokingwastewater treatment. Real-time monitoring and control enabled by these technologies can streamlineoperations, ensuring optimal use of energy and resource. Through these advancements, the journeytoward a more sustainable and efficient treatment process for coking wastewater will be accelerated,benefitting both the environment and industry.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52270076)

褚华强,GLADYSChimfwembe,魏鹏元,等.焦化废水处理及零排放技术研究进展[J].能源环境保护,2025,39(1):11−23.

CHU Huaqiang, GLADYS Chimfwembe, WEI Pengyuan, et al. Advances in Coking Wastewater Treatmentand Zero Discharge Technology[J]. Energy Environmental Protection, 2025, 39(1): 11−23.