原文链接：
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40789-022-00561-6或点击文末“阅读原文”
世界各地的许多井工矿井，由于开采深度较深或位于地质构造复杂的区域，都曾经历过因采矿活动而引发的地震。地震活动常常伴随着岩爆现象，导致矿井无法正常运作，并有可能造成人员伤亡。持续而可靠的地震风险评估对于确保矿工的安全和维持生产的稳定性至关重要。进一步的研究旨在开发新的解释方案和方法。提出的解决方案核心在于对地震学数据进行深入分析，这些数据详细描述了岩体地震的特性，而地下测量结果则通过地图直观展现了采煤层周边岩石中纵波传播速度的分布情况。在上西里西亚煤盆地的硬煤矿中，该方案经过了实地测试。这些矿井配备了先进的地震监测系统，不仅能够持续追踪地震活动，还能评估风险等级，同时配备了地震探测设备，用于定期测定采掘作业面前的地震波速度。基于测试结果，我们确立了一套综合性的地震风险评估标准，涵盖了古登堡-理查德定律中"b"值的异常情况以及顶板岩石中的最大纵向地震波传播速度。最新的综合危险评估方法所取得的经验和结果验证了其实用性，并为相关解决方案的改进指明了方向。
Abstract Mining-induced seismicity occurs in numerous underground mines worldwide where extraction is conducted at great depths or in areas characterised by complex tectonic structure. It is accompanied by rock bursts, which result in the loss of working functionality and the possibility of accidents among personnel. The issue of a constant and reliable seismic hazard evaluation is of key significance for both the safety of miners and the stability of production. Research on its improvement is directed at developing new interpretive solutions and methods. The nature of the presented solution is the complex interpretation of seismological data that characterise rock mass seismicity and of underground measurement results in the form of a map presenting the longitudinal wave propagation velocity distribution in the rock surrounding the mined coal seam. The solution was tested in hard coal mines located in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The mines are equipped with a modern seismological system enabling the constant monitoring of seismicity together with hazard level evaluation as well as with seismic apparatus for conducting periodic measurements of the seismic wave propagation velocity before the mining face. Comprehensive seismic hazard evaluation criteria were determined based on the obtained results, involving the anomaly of the Gutenberg–Richter law “b” value and the maximum longitudinal seismic wave propagation velocity in the roof rock. The obtained experience and the result validation of this new comprehensive hazard evaluation method confirm its practical usefulness and indicate the directions of improvement for the solution in question.
Fig. 1 Example magnitude threshold value determination
Fig. 2 Map of coal seam 510 with the location of longwall 02Aw and the geological profile of the roof strata
Fig. 4 Results of seismic measurements in the longwall 02Aw panel using active seismic geotomography: a 1st cycle b 2nd cycle
引用格式：Dubiński, J., Stec, K. & Krupanek, J. Comprehensive use of the Gutenberg–Richter law and geotomography for improving seismic hazard evaluation in hard coal mines. Int J Coal Sci Technol 10, 3 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40789-022-00561-6
