Shaanxi Deyuan Fugu Energy Co. , Ltd.
School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing

针对浅埋厚煤层回采工作面上覆岩层破断规律不明晰和上覆薄煤层稳定性情况难判定等问题,以三道沟煤矿八盘区工作面为研究背景,采用理论分析、相似模拟与现场实测手段相结合,构建大型相似模拟模型,对工作面回采后的上覆岩层破断及运移规律以及上覆薄煤层稳定性情况进行研究。研究结果表明:经计算确定了八盘区的基本顶位于5-2煤与上覆薄煤层之间,其破断与运移控制着上覆煤层的纵向裂隙形成与运移,上覆薄煤层在基本顶铰接区上方的赋存形态不稳定,存在部分离层与较大裂隙,在煤柱上方与采空区上方,赋存形态相对稳定且连续;随着下部厚煤层工作面的不断推进,5-2煤上覆冒落带与裂隙带会逐渐呈梯形向上扩展,并逐渐波及上覆的薄煤层,使得薄煤层破碎程度增加,整体完整性降低;当5-2煤层回采结束后,上覆4-4煤与4-3煤整体均呈盘状下沉形态,其中4-4煤的预计最大下沉量达4.5m,4-3煤预计最大下沉量达4.3m。

Aiming at solving the problem of hard determination in overlying rock breaking rules and stability of overlying thin coal seams in mining face of shallow and thick coal seam, a large-scale similarity simulation model is constructed based on No. panel face at Sandaogou Coal Mine. The theoretical analysis, similar simulation, and on-site measurement methods are combined to study the fracture and migration laws of overlying rock and the stability of overlying thin coal seams after recovery. The research results showed that: After calculation, it is determined that the main roof of No. 8 panel area is between No. 5-2 coal seam and the overlying thin seam. The fracture and migration control the formation and migration of longitudinal fractures of overlying coal seam. The occurrence of the overlying thin coal seam above the main roof hinge zone is unstable, with some separation layers and large fractures. Above the coal pillar and goaf, the occurrence is relatively stable and continuous. As the lower thick coal seam face continues to advance, the overlying caving zone and fracture zone of No. 5-2 coal seam will gradually expand upwards in a trapezoidal shape, and gradually affect the overlying thin coal seam, increasing fragmentation on thin coal seam and reducing the integrity. After the completion of No. 5-2 coal seam recovery, the overlying No. 4-4 and 4-3 coal seam will all occur as round-shape sinking. The expected maximum subsidence of No. 4-4 coal seam reaches 4. 5 m and that of No. 4-3 coal seam reaches 4. 3 m.

国家自然科学基金项目(52004289)

高成,金腾,周志伟,等.浅埋厚煤层开采覆岩破断与上覆煤层运移规律研究[J].煤炭工程,2024,56(12):95-102.