智能化开采是我国大倾角、急倾斜等难采煤炭资源安全高效开采的必由之路。基于数字孪生的大比例物理模拟实验是解决重力−倾角效应下煤岩与装备多维多尺度力学行为与智能控制的有效途径。详细阐述了基于数字孪生技术的大比例采煤工作面物理模拟系统的设计框架、结构特点和测试/检测模式，能够实现采煤过程的数据可视化、人机强交互和工艺自优化等功能。针对传统液压支架在实时监测、预测性维护、设计优化及物理模拟方面所面临的挑战，构建了以液压支架为基础、以数字孪生技术为核心的姿态感知与仿真系统，利用SolidWorks、Maya和Unity3D等软件构建液压支架的数字孪生模型，并通过部署多种姿态感知传感器，采集实体液压支架的姿态数据和受载信息，实现数字孪生模型与实体之间的高精度姿态同步与实时反馈。通过对采集数据的分析处理，从而实现虚拟与现实的映射。最后通过多功能可变角大比例“支架−围岩”系统物理仿真平台进行多倾角下的系统可靠性及稳定性测试，验证了系统的可行性和有效性。

Intelligent mining represents a critical path for the safe and efficient extraction of challenging coal resources, particularly those with steep and extreme inclinations, in China. Large-scale physical simulations leveraging digital twin technology are pivotal in addressing the intricate mechanical behaviors of coal and rock, as well as the intelligent control challenges posed by gravity and inclination effects. This study comprehensively delineates the design framework, structural features, and testing/detection methodologies of a large-scale coal mining face physical simulation system empowered by digital twin technology. This system facilitates data visualization, robust human-machine interaction, and process self-optimization during mining operations. Addressing the challenges traditional hydraulic supports encounter in areas such as real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, design optimization, and physical modeling, a posture perception and simulation system was developed. This system, grounded in hydraulic support and digital twin technology, employs software like SolidWorks, Maya, and Unity3D to create digital twin models of hydraulic supports. Through the integration of various posture perception sensors, it gathers posture and load data from the physical hydraulic supports. This setup enables precise posture alignment and immediate feedback between the digital twins and their physical counterparts. The system's mapping between virtual and real domains is achieved through detailed analysis and processing of the gathered data. Ultimately, the feasibility and efficacy of this system are corroborated through a multi-functional, variable-angle large-scale "support-surrounding rock" system physical simulation platform. This platform conducts reliability and stability tests under various inclination conditions, validating the system's operational capabilities.