College of Civil Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology
Shanxi Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd
Architectural Design & Research Co., Ltd, Taiyuan University of Technology

【目的】为了探究城市典型街谷-临街建筑污染的街谷-开窗耦合作用。【方法】基于机动车现场实测和CFD(ComputationalFluidDynamics)数值模拟的方法,研究临街建筑开窗情况下街谷内及室内空气流动和污染物的分布规律。【结果】结果表明:临街建筑外壁面开窗因其对周围气流产生扰动而使街谷内涡旋流动有所增强,在建筑背风面和迎风面的窗口附近形成了多个不规则的气流小涡旋,各层局部风向和风速改变各异;背风侧临街建筑湍流强度受开窗情况的影响比迎风侧建筑更加明显,1-4层比未开窗增加达20.6%;室内污染物浓度逐层变化与室外街谷污染物分布大体一致,背风建筑室内污染物浓度远高于迎风面建筑;背风建筑室内污染物浓度随楼层增高不断降低,1-4层污染物占到总污染的43.7%,迎风建筑室内污染物浓度沿楼高并未呈现逐层降低的单调趋势,而是先减小,在建筑中位层附近最小,随后在窗口扰动和街谷环流漩涡的共同作用下,污染物浓度再逐层增大。街谷-开窗建筑整场求解克服了模拟临街建筑的入流水平设置与实际工况的不符,较好地解决了开窗位置复杂涡旋边界设置及湍流逐层各异的难题。

【Purposes】 The typical street canyon-building of the city is researched in this work. 【Methods】 On the basis of field measurement and numerical simulation CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics), the airflow pattern and pollutant distribution in street canyon and indoor the building with windows opening were investigated. 【Findings】 The results show that the opening of win- dows on the outer wall of building disturbs the surrounding air flow, which leads to the enhance- ments of the vortex flow in the street canyon, and the variation of local wind direction and wind speed in different heights. The turbulence intensity of the street-facing buildings on the leeward side is more obviously affected by the opening of the windows than that of the buildings on the windward side,1~4 floors are 20.6% higher than the case of unopened windows. The change of indoor pollutant concentration on each floor is roughly consistent with the outdoor street canyon pollutant distribution. The indoor pollutant concentration of leeward buildings is much higher than that of windward buildings. Concentrations of indoor pollutants in leeward buildings de- crease with the increase of floors, the pollutants on floors 1~4 account for 43.7% of the total pollution. The indoor pollutant concentration of buildings on the windward side first decreases a- long the building height, but does not show a monotonous trend of decreasing floor by floor. The pollutant concentration value is the smallest near the middle floor of building, then increases un- der the combined action of window disturbance and street canyon circulation vortex. The whole solution of street canyon-window building overcomes the inconsistency between the inflow level setting of simulated street buildings and the actual working conditions, better solves the problems of complex vortex boundary setting and different window opening positions from floor to floor.

山西省自然科学基金资助项目(202103021224091)

张明博,宋翀芳,雷勇刚,等.临街建筑开窗下街谷气流及污染物扩散的研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2024,55(5):912-919.

ZHANG Mingbo,SONG Chongfang,LEI Yonggang,et al.Research on airflow and pollutant diffusion by win-dows opening of street-facing building[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2024,55(5):912-919.