随着煤炭资源的长期开采、采矿技术的进步以及能源结构的调整,近年来越来越多的煤矿面临关闭或已关闭。目前针对废弃煤矿采取的主要措施是矿山环境恢复治理,以致遗留许多社会、经济和生态环境问题,且造成了矿区井上下资源的严重浪费。因此,如何科学、高效地解决煤矿关闭后的资源利用问题,实现矿山的成功转型利用,对煤炭工业乃至国民经济的发展具有重要战略意义。分析了转型煤矿资源类型,介绍了我国转型矿山开发利用现状,主要包括废弃工业广场建筑物、废弃土地(工业广场土地、沉陷区土地)的开发利用及建设矿山公园等。并指出国内废弃煤矿资源利用存在开发利用不充分、运行成本高等问题,特别是井下空间资源的开发利用率低。如井筒、巷道、硐室等井下空间资源,在封井后几乎全部浪费。因此,针对转型煤矿井下空间资源利用率低的问题,重点分析探讨了煤矿井下空间资源开发利用新方向,如利用煤矿井下空间资源储存石油、天然气,建设蓄能站以及地下城市等等,为我国关闭矿山的转型开发利用提供思路。

With the long term exploitation of coal resources,the progress of coal mining technology and energy structure change in recent years,more and more closed mines are generated. Currently the main measures taken by the aban- doned coal mine are the restoration of mine environment,resulting in many social,economic and ecological problems. This results in a lot of waste of resources. How to solve the problems left by the mine in order to realize the successful transformation and upgrading of the mine,which is of great strategic significance to the development of the coal indus- try and the national economy. This paper analyzes various types of resources and introduces the current situation of China’s transitional mines,including the buildings of abandoned industrial square,development and Utilization of a- bandoned lands (industrial square lands and subsidence area lands) and mining garden construction. And pointed out that the use of domestic waste coal resources development and utilization is not sufficient,high operating costs,espe- cially the development and utilization of underground space resources is low. Such as shaft,roadway,chamber and oth- er underground space resources,almost all waste after the closure. Therefore,aiming at the problem of low utilization rate of space resources in the transition coal mine,the paper analyzes the new direction of the exploitation and utiliza- tion of coal mine underground resources,such as the use of coal mine underground resources to store oil and natural gas,build energy storage stations and underground cities,which provide a new idea for the development and use of these closed coal mines.