综采放顶煤开采技术作为我国开采厚及特厚煤层的主要方法之一，其引入我国近40年来，放顶煤开采理论与技术实践在我国均取得了长足发展与进步。系统回顾与总结了我国在放顶煤技术领域所取得的标志性成就，结合综放工作面技术特征、理论演化逻辑与资源开采新理念，将其发展历程分为初期试验、发展成熟以及智能化无人开采3个阶段。主要针对综放采场支架与围岩关系以及顶板（煤）结构与稳定性、顶煤破碎运移放出规律、以及综放“三机”装备的进展4个方面核心内容，对我国综放技术的发展进行了总结；围绕综放采场支架与围岩关系以及顶板（煤）结构与稳定性问题，依据机采高度的变化描绘了我国学者关于该问题研究的基本历程；从顶煤破碎机理、综放采场顶煤冒放性分类评价以及顶煤放出规律理论3个方面，阐述了我国关于顶煤破碎运移放出规律的发展道路；放顶煤开采工艺研究方面，则从常规的综放工艺、特殊地质条件下综放工艺以及综放工序的时空配合关系展开，再现了我国学者的研究路线；同时简要阐述了综放“三机”装备的发展进程与最新成果。明晰了我国放顶煤技术的发展脉络与研究思路，分析并探讨了现阶段放顶煤开采理论与技术发展前沿的相关难题，为我国综采放顶煤技术的进一步发展提供了研究基础与思维启迪。

Fully-mechanized top-coal caving technology is one of the main methods for mining thick and extra thick coal seams in China. Since it was introduced into China for nearly 40 years, the theory and technology practice of top-coal caving mining in China has made great progress. This paper systematically reviews and summarizes the landmark achievements in the field of top coal caving technology in China. Combined with the technical characteristics of fully-mechanized top-coal caving face, the theoretical evolution logic and the new concept of resource exploitation, the development process is divided into three stages: initial test, mature development and intelligent unmanned mining. This paper mainly summarizes the development of fully mechanized top coal caving technology in China from four core aspects: the relationship between support and surrounding rock, roof （coal） structure and stability, top coal fragmentation, migration and release law, as well as the development of "three machines" equipment in fully mechanized top coal caving face The basic course of Chinese scholars' research on this problem; from three aspects of top coal crushing mechanism, top coal caving classification and evaluation in fully mechanized top coal caving stope and the theory of top coal drawing law, the development road of top coal breaking, migration and drawing law in China is shaped; in the research of top coal caving mining technology, it is from the conventional fully mechanized caving technology, the fully mechanized caving technology under special geological conditions and the fully mechanized caving process At the same time, it briefly describes the development process and the latest achievements of the "three machines" equipment. This paper clarifies the development context and research ideas of top coal caving technology in China, and analyzes and discusses the relevant problems of the current top coal caving mining theory and technology development frontier, which provides research basis and thinking enlightenment for the further development of fully mechanized caving technology in China.