中低温煤焦油的真实产率与组成分布对于评价煤低温干馏工艺具有关键的指导作用。为了得到煤焦油的准确产率、轻重油分布规律和全组分信息，以中低温煤焦油轻油（LCT）和重油（HCT）为原料，对LCT∶HCT∶水=1∶1∶1的混合物进行加热重组，得到重组煤焦油（RCT）、重组煤焦油轻油（RLCT）和重油（RHCT）。通过正己烷超声萃取分别得到正己烷萃取物（E-CT、E-LCT、E-HCT、E-RCT、E-RLCT以及E-RHCT）和萃余物（I-CT、I-LCT、I-HCT、I-RCT、I-RLCT以及I-RHCT），利用气质联用仪（GC-MS）和热重分析仪-傅里叶红外联用（TG-FTIR）技术，对各萃取物和萃余物的组成结构、热解行为及气体逸出特性进行分析。结果表明，通过煤焦油重组试验，RLCT为24.93%，RHCT为75.08%；重组煤焦油正己烷萃取物以烷烃、芳烃和酚类物质为主；E-CT相较于E-LCT和E-HCT，脂肪烃含量减少、酸性化合物增多；E-RCT相较于E-CT，芳烃含量明显降低，E-RHCT富集芳烃和酸性化合物，脂肪烃含量降至35.05%；重组煤焦油萃余物主要由饱和分和芳香分构成；重组后I-RHCT与I-RLCT轻质组分减少，萃余物的热稳定性更好。

The real yield and composition distribution of low temperature coal tar play a key guiding role in evaluating low-temperature carbonization process of coal. In order to obtain the accurate yield of coal tar and the distribution law of light and heavy coal tar and the whole component information of coal tar,the low temperature light coal tar（LCT)and heavy coal tar（HCT)were used as raw materials,and the mixture of LCT∶HCT∶water=1∶1∶1 was heated and recombined to obtain the reconstructed coal tar（RCT),the reconstructed light coal tar（RLCT)and heavy coal tar（RHCT). In addition,the n-hexane extracts（E-CT,E-LCT,E-HCT,E-RCT,E-RLCT and E-RHCT)and insoluble residues（I-CT,I-LCT,I-HCT,I-RCT,I-RLCT and I-RHCT)were obtained by ultrasonic extraction with n-hexane,the composition structure,pyrolysis behavior,and volatile gases characteristics of extracts and residues by n-hexane ultrasonic extraction were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS)and thermogravimetric-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（TG-FTIR)technology. The results show that the RLCT and RHCT are 24.93% and 75.08% respectively by coal tar restructuring test,n-hexane extracts are mainly composed of alkanes,aromatics and phenolic substances. Compared with E-LCT and E-HCT,the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons of E-CT decreases,acidic compounds increases instead. Compared with E-CT,the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in E-RCT significantly reduces and E-RHCT enriches aromatic hydrocarbons and acidic compounds,while the aliphatic hydrocarbons decreases to 35.05%. The composition of residue mainly contains saturates and aromatics. After recombining,the light components of I-RHCT and I-RLCT declines and residues show better thermal stability.

0 引言

1 试验

   1.1 试验原料

   1.2 煤焦油样品的准备及处理

   1.3 正己烷萃取物与萃余物的分析表征

2 结果与讨论

   2.1 煤焦油的加热重组与超声萃取

   2.2 萃取物样品的GC-MS分析

   2.3 煤焦油正己烷萃余物的TG-FTIR分析

3 结论