“富煤、缺油、少气”的一次能源赋存条件决定了我国煤炭的基础能源地位，与此同时，煤炭作为当前最主要的碳排放源，如何为实现碳达峰、碳中和做出煤炭贡献是整个行业迫切需要思考和解决的关键问题。我国煤炭资源禀赋条件差，高含杂低品质煤资源储量丰富，随着优质煤炭资源的逐渐消耗与国家“双碳”战略的实施，低品质煤大规模分选提质已成为保障国家能源安全和煤炭行业高质量绿色发展的战略选择。目前重介质选煤技术的快速发展与推广使得粗粒低品质煤分选日趋成熟，但细粒低品质煤(低阶/氧化难浮煤、高灰难选煤等)浮选仍面临着严峻挑战，低品质煤泥浮选的基本作用原理与过程强化亟需研究。从低品质煤泥难浮难选机理、低品质煤泥浮选界面调控及流动强化3个方面对低品质煤浮选研究现状进行了系统讨论,最后提出了未来低品质煤浮选过程强化的新发展方向与技术体系，主要包括基于多尺度微纳力学解析的低品质煤浮选分离新原理、基于单分子力谱融合深度学习的浮选药剂分子智能定向筛选设计、基于能量精准适配的调浆-浮选流场精细化构建、煤系固废资源化利用与规模化消纳及低品质煤浮选界面-流体协同强化全链条智能化示范工程建设，上述关键科学与技术问题的解决将为我国煤炭行业高质量发展和国家“双碳”战略实施提供新的助力。

The primary energy storage conditions of “rich coal,lack of oil and less gas” determine the basic energy status of coal in China.However,as the most important source of carbon emissions,how to make coal contribution to the peak carbon dioxide emissions and neutrality is key issue for the whole industry urgently needs to think and solve.China’s coal resource endowment conditions are poor,rich in low-quality coal with high impurity.With the consumption of high-quality coal resources and the implementation of the national “double carbon” strategy,large-scale separation of low quality has become a strategic choice to ensure national energy security and high-quality green development of the coal industry.At present,the rapid development and popularization of heavy medium coal separation technology makes the separation of coarse low-quality coal becoming mature,while many challenges remain for flotation of fine low-quality coal slime (such as low-rank/oxidized coal,high ash refractory coal,etc.).Therefore,the basic function principle and process intensification requires further study.The present paper reviewed the recent advances in low-quality coal flotation from three aspects:the difficult-to-float and difficult-to-separate mechanism of low-quality coal,the interface regulation and fluid intensification of low-quality coal flotation.Finally,the new development direction and technical system of low-quality coal flotation process intensification in the future were put forward,including the new principle of low-quality coal flotation separation based on multi-scale micro-nano force analysis,the intelligent directional screening design of flotation reagent molecules based on single molecule force spectrum combined with deep learning,refine construction of pulp mixing and flotation flow field based on accurate energy adaptation,resourceful utilization and large-scale consumption of coal series solid wastes,and the construction of the whole chain intelligent demonstration project of low-quality coal flotation.The solution of the above key scientific and technological problems will provide new impetus for the high-quality development of China’s coal industry and the implementation of the national “double carbon” strategy.

1 低品质煤泥难浮难选机理

   1.1 低品质难浮煤难浮机理

   1.2 低品质难选煤难选机理

2 低品质煤泥浮选界面调控

   2.1 难浮煤浮选界面调控

   2.2 难选煤浮选界面调控

3 低品质煤泥浮选流动强化

   3.1 难浮煤浮选流动强化

   3.2 难选煤浮选流动强化

4 低品质煤泥浮选发展方向思考

5 结语