煤炭资源保水开采是实现绿色化开采的核心技术之一，保水开采可行性评价则是开展科学开采设计的基础问题。从采动覆岩整体阻水性角度入手，综合考虑覆岩整体的阻水行为与地下水系统的动态响应之间的关系，提出了将上覆隔水岩层（组）虚拟为等效阻水层的学术思想，形成了基于采动覆岩等效渗透系数计算等效阻水厚度进行保水采煤可行性定量评价的新思路与方法。基于达西定律、Kozeny-Caman方程以及采动覆岩移动影响函数递推关系，采用分层、分区组合等效方法，在单岩层水平方向上通过并联来计算整层垂向等效渗透系数，进而通过垂直方向上进行多岩层等效渗透系数串联计算，建立了基于采高、工作面长度、沉陷参数和岩层初始水理参数的采动覆岩整体垂向等效渗透系数的计算方法；以采后覆岩地下水渗漏速度与目标含水层补给速度相等作为保水采煤临界条件，确定了保水采煤最大临界渗透系数与采高、等效岩层厚度之间的关系；基于采动覆岩的渗透系数与其等效阻水厚度成反比的假设，建立了采动覆岩等效阻水厚度的计算方法，进而根据维持含水层水位稳定所允许的最大临界渗透系数，提出了基于采动覆岩等效阻水厚度的保水采煤可行性评价方法，并通过伊犁四矿保水采煤含水层水位变化实测进行了实例验证。研究成果为保水开采预测评价、方法选择和参数优化提供了新的方法。

Water conservation mining of coal resources is one of the core technologies to realize green mining,and the feasibility study of water conservation mining is the basic problem of scientific mine design. From the point of view of the overall overburden water resistance,an equivalent water resisting overburden thickness,indexed by equivalent conductivity,was conceptualized for assessing on the feasibility of water conservation mining,which takes the consideration of the overburden hydraulic characteristics and the groundwater system dynamic response. Based on the Darcy’s law,the Kozeny-Caman equation,and the relation of influence function of overburden subsidence,the equivalent concept was developed by using the layered combination and zonation equivalence. The equivalent vertical hy-draulic conductivity for a single stratum was developed through a parallel calculation of all micro units in horizontal direction. The equivalent vertical hydraulic conductivity for the overall overburden was presented through a series calculation of all strata,which is functioned with mining height,mined out length,subsidence and initial hydro physical parameters. Taking the balance between the runoff rate through the overburden and the recharge rate of the focused aquifer as the critical condition,the relation of the maximum critical hydraulic conductivity of the overburden with mining height and overburden thickness was determined. Thus,a method for calculating equivalent water resisting overburden thickness was developed based on the assumption that the hydraulic conductivity of the overburden is inversely proportional to its equivalent water resistance thickness. The feasibility of water conservation mining could be evaluated on the basis of the allowed maximum critical hydraulic conductivity for maintaining the stability of the aquifer water level. The method was verified in the case of water conservation mining in Ili No.4 Coal Mine based on the field monitoring on the water level. The study results provide a new method for the prediction and evaluation,method selection and parameter optimization of water conservation mining.

1 覆岩等效阻水厚度的科学内涵

2 采动覆岩等效渗透系数计算方法

3 采动覆岩等效阻水厚度确定方法

4 基于采动覆岩等效阻水厚度的保水采煤可行性判定方法

5 工程案例分析

   5.1 工作面保水采煤可行性预测

   5.2 现场水位监测

6 结论