焚烧发电是我国处理生活垃圾的主要方式，行业市场规模庞大，未来发展前景广阔。垃圾焚烧发电厂中广泛应用的炉排炉模型试验和工程试验存在成本较高、周期较长、数据结果不详细等问题，通常考虑采用数值模拟方法开展研究工作。基于炉排炉中的垃圾燃烧过程与具体结构组成，分别描述炉排上的气固燃烧过程和炉膛内的气相燃烧过程的数学模型，总结现有炉排炉建模过程，重点阐明将不同模型耦合计算以模拟整个焚烧过程的方法。在阐述炉排炉建模过程的基础上，采用Fluent软件开展数值模拟研究，介绍数值模拟在炉排炉研究中的应用情况。目前相关研究主要采用控制变量法研究单一参数对炉排炉运行过程的影响，因此将各参数按照燃料特性、运行参数、炉排炉结构、风烟系统等方面分类，分析总结研究进展和成果。基于上述分析研究，提出垃圾焚烧发电厂采用数值模拟方法开展设计建设和改造优化的技术路线，最后对炉排炉数值模拟研究进行展望，为进一步研究工作和工程实际应用提供参考。

Incineration power generation is the main way to deal with domestic waste in China. The industry market is huge and the future development prospects are broad. For grate furnaces widely used in waste incineration power plants, there are problems such as high cost, long period, and non-detailed data results in model experiments and engineering experiments. Numerical simulation technology is usually considered for research work. Based on the combustion process and specific structure of waste in the grate furnace, the mathematical models of the gas-solid combustion process on the grate and the gas-phase combustion process in the furnace were described, respectively, and the existing modeling process of the grate furnace was summarized. The method of coupling calculations with different models to simulate the entire incineration process was highlighted. On the basis of expounding the modeling process of grate furnace, it focused on the content of numerical simulation research using Fluent software, and introduced the research and application of numerical simulation technology in grate furnace. At present, the relevant research mainly adopts the method of controlling variables to study the influence of a single parameter on the operation process of the grate furnace. Therefore, various parameters were classified according to fuel characteristics, operating parameters, structure of the grate furnace, and air and smoke system, and the progress and results of the research were analyzed and summarized. Based on the above analysis and research, the technical route of using numerical simulation technology to carry out design, construction and transformation and optimization of waste incineration power plants was proposed. Finally, the numerical simulation research of grate furnace was prospected to provide reference for further research work and practical engineering applications.

0 引言

1 垃圾焚烧炉排炉概述

   1.1 垃圾焚烧过程

   1.2 炉排炉结构组成

2 垃圾焚烧炉排炉模型

   2.1 垃圾焚烧过程反应模型

   2.2 炉排炉模型

3 炉排炉数值模拟

   3.1 燃料特性的数值模拟

   3.2 炉排运行参数的数值模拟

   3.3 炉排炉结构的数值模拟

   3.4 风烟系统的数值模拟

   3.5 炉排炉数值模拟研究与总结

4 垃圾焚烧炉排炉设计与改造技术路线

5 结语与展望