School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology
Zalainuoer Coal Mine Co. , Ltd.

为明确高寒地区闭坑露天煤矿不同母质与生态修复方式等多因素作用下的土壤肥力状况及空间分布特征,采用相关性分析、隶属函数、主成分分析及分区反距离的方法,对灵泉闭坑露天煤矿矿坑及外排土场土壤肥力状况及空间变化特征进行分析,对不同肥力区域的植物多样性进行统计分析,并推荐适宜的生态恢复植物。结果表明,研究区土壤大多属于中等偏低的肥力水平。采取了覆土措施、土壤母质条件较好或经过人工生态修复的区域是肥力较好的土壤分布区。三级肥力区域播种一年生的禾本科、藜科先锋植物,二级肥力区域播种多年生禾本、豆科植物及沙棘等耐贫瘠、抗逆的灌木,一级肥力区域则依据近自然原则,兼顾经济效益选择植物。

In order to clarify the soil fertility status and spatial distribution characteristics under the action of multiple factors such as different parent materials and ecological restoration methods in closed open-pit coal mines in alpine areas, using the methods of correlation analysis, membership function, principal component analysis and zoning inverse distance, this paper analyzed the soil fertility status and spatial variation characteristics of Lingquan closed open-pit coal mine pit and external dump. The plant diversity in different fertility areas was statistically analyzed, and suitable ecological restoration plants were recommended. The results show that the level of soil fertility in the study area is mostly medium and low. The soil with good fertility is mainly distributed in the areas with soil covering measures, good soil parent material conditions or artificial ecological restoration. Annual pioneer plants such as rape and oats are planted in the tertiary fertility area, legumes such as alfalfa and shrubs resistant to barren and stress such as seabuckthorn are planted in the secondary fertility area, and plants are selected in the primary fertility area according to the principle of near nature and taking into account economic benefits.

华能集团科技项目(HNMYKJ20-08)

孟庆俊,韩晓雨,宋超,等. 灵泉露天闭坑煤矿土壤肥力特征与生态恢复适宜植物选择[J]. 矿业安全与环保,2023,50(3):136-144.

MENG Qingjun,HAN Xiaoyu,SONG Chao,et al. Characteristics of soil fertility and selection of suitable plants for ecological restoration in Lingquan closed open-pit coal mine[J]. Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2023,50(3):136-144.