以陕西大柳塔煤矿国家水土保持科技示范园内采煤沉陷区为试验区域,利用无人机获取激光雷达数据,估测植物群落冠层结构参数,并揭示不同植物配置模式下冠层结构的差异。结果表明:利用LiDAR数据能够准确可靠地估算植物群落冠层高度、冠盖度、叶面积指数、叶高多样性4个冠层结构参数;研究区水平方向上的冠盖度与垂直方向上的冠层高度、叶高多样性之间存在显著的正相关关系,水平方向上的叶面积指数受垂直结构影响较小;植物配置模式对群落冠层结构具有显著影响。生态修复后乔木群落的垂直层次结构较好,而灌木群落在水平结构上表现较好。研究表明基于无人机的激光雷达遥感方法可以有效揭示采煤沉陷区生态修复植物群落冠层结构的异质性,为矿山生态监测与评价提供基础数据和科学依据。

Taking the coal mining subsidence area in the National Soil and Water Conservation Science and Technologyhierarchical structure of the arbor community is better,while the horizontal structure of the shrub community is better. The research shows that the LiDAR remote sensing method based on drone can effectively reveal the heterogeneity of canopy structure of ecological restoration plant communities in coal mining subsidence area,and provide basic data and scientific basis for the monitoring and evaluation of mine ecology.