为了探究硫含量对煤炭自燃特性的影响，寻找防治高硫煤自燃灾害的高效途径；使用程序升温实验系统、综合热分析仪(TG/DSC)对典型高硫煤和典型低硫煤的氧化过程进行分析；使用量子化学模拟软件对高硫煤常用阻化剂Ca(OH)₂、Na₂CO₃、MgCl₂和2种煤中典型有机硫结构二苯硫醚 (C₁₂H₁₀S)、苯硫醇(C₆H₅SH)的络合作用进行计算。结果表明：高硫煤氧化过程中质量下降更快，放热量更大；热解失重和燃烧阶段中高硫煤的活化能相比低硫煤分别小9.16%和15.07%，高硫煤发生煤自燃的倾向更高；煤矿常用阻化剂中的Ca²⁺、Na⁺、Mg²⁺可以与二苯硫醚和苯硫醇络合形成络合物，形成络合物后2种有机硫结构的化学反应活性降低，能够对煤自燃起到抑制作用。

To explore the influence of sulfur content on the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal and find efficient ways to prevent and control the spontaneous combustion disaster of high sulfur coal, the oxidation processes of typical high sulfur coal and typical low sulfur coal were analyzed using a comprehensive thermal analyzer (TG/DSC) and a programmed heating experimental system. The complexation of commonly used inhibitors, Ca(OH)₂, Na₂CO₃, MgCl₂ and two typical organic sulfur structures, diphenyl sulfide (C₁₂H₁₀S) and benzenethiol (C₆H₅SH), in high sulfur coal and coal were calculated using quantum chemistry simulation software. The results showed that the mass loss rate during the oxidation process of high sulfur coal was faster, and the heat release was greater. The activation energies of high sulfur coal in the pyrolysis and combustion stages were 9.16% and 15.07% lower than those of low sulfur coal, respectively, indicating a higher tendency to spontaneous combustion. Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ in the commonly used inhibitors in coal mines can form complexes with diphenyl sulfide and benzenethiol, and the chemical reactivity of the two organic sulfur structures decreases after forming complexes, which can inhibit the spontaneous combustion of coal.