“双碳”战略下，生物质因其可再生、低污染和“零”碳排等优点而备受关注。生物质成型制备燃料颗粒能有效地解决其结构松散、能量密度低等问题，可用作化石燃料的替代品，对于新型能源体系的建设具有重要意义。笔者概述了生物质热压成型过程的影响因素，分析并探讨了热压成型过程中生物质颗粒的演变行为和结合机制。生物质成型工艺主要包括冷压成型和热压成型。与冷压成型相比，热压成型能耗较低，制得成型燃料品质较高。生物质含水率(4%～15%)对其成型燃料密度影响较大，成型温度(70～150 ℃)影响较小，成型压力(60～130 MPa)和原料粒度( < 2.5 mm)对其成型燃料密度的影响因生物质种类不同而存在较大差异。生物质热压成型过程中纤维素主要起骨架支撑作用，半纤维素、木质素则起到黏结剂作用。在热压成型的微观过程中，生物质颗粒经惯性移动后黏弹塑性变形，形成机械互锁。脆性颗粒破碎后释放出天然黏性成分，在水分、温度和压力的共同作用下形成颗粒间桥接。机械互锁和桥接缩小了生物质分子间的距离，促进了分子间作用力的产生。在对生物质热压成型机制认识的基础上，利用不同生物质掺混或水热等预处理手段对生物质组分进行调控可提高燃料颗粒的品质。利用分子动力学手段对生物质成型过程进行仿真模拟，可获得生物质组分分子间的键合机制，有利于进一步探究生物质热压成型机制，对生物质成型燃料乃至成型材料的制备有着重要的指导意义。

Under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategy, biomass has attracted much attention due to its characteristics of regeneration, low pollution and zero carbon emissions. The imperfects of biomass, such as the loose structure and low energy density, can be effectively solved by briquetting, and the resulted fuel pellets can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels, which is of great significance for the construction of new energy system. In the paper, the influencing factors of the hot briquetting process of biomass were summarized, and the evolution behavior and binding mechanism of biomass particles during the hot briquetting process were analyzed and discussed. Biomass briquetting process mainly includes cold briquetting and hot briquetting. Compared with cold briquetting process of biomass, hot briquetting with lower energy consumption can produce the biomass fuel pellets with higher quality. The moisture content (4%−15%) of the raw biomass has greater influence, the briquetting temperature (70−150 ℃) has relatively smaller effect on the density of the fuel pellets, and the briquetting pressure (60−130 MPa) and the particle size ( < 2.5 mm) of the raw material show the different impact on the density of the fuel pellets from different biomass. During the hot process, cellulose mainly plays the role of supporting skeleton, hemicellulose and lignin play the role of binder. In the microcosmic process of hot briquetting process, the inertia movement and subsequent viscoelastic-plastic deformation of the biomass particles occur and the mechanical interlock is formed between the particles. The brittle particles are broken and the natural viscous components are released, and thus, the bridge linkage between the particles is formed under the integrated effects of moisture, temperature and pressure. Mechanical interlocking and bridging reduce the distance between biomass molecules and promote the generation of intermolecular forces. Based on the above-mentioned mechanism of the hot briquetting of biomass, the quality of the resulted fuel pellets can be improved by biomass component adjustment, biomass blending or hydrothermal pretreatment. In the future, the molecular dynamics simulation method will be used to investigate the biomass briquetting process to obtain the molecular bonding mechanism of biomass components, which is conducive to further exploring the hot briquetting mechanism of biomass, and provide important guiding significance for the preparation of fuel pellets and molding materials from biomass.