运用投入产出模型,分析了中国氢能产业在GDP增长和温室气体排放方面直接和间接的宏观经济影响。首先编制氢能产业投入产出表,将氢能在交通、工业、建筑等领域的应用作为最终需求,将氢能产业制-储-运-加-用各环节的建设和运营作为中间投入;其次,结合碳排放卫星账户,从经济和排放2个角度分析宏观经济影响。结果表明,每万吨绿氢投资产生约1.26亿元的GDP,在运营阶段,平均每年的GDP贡献将近2000万元;绿氢带来的总碳排放仅为蓝氢和灰氢的约1/10,具有明显的减碳优势。所提方法可以推广到省域乃至城市尺度的研究中。

This study utilizes an input-output model to analyze the direct and indirect macroeconomic impacts of China's hydrogen energy industry on GDP growth and greenhouse gas emissions. Firstly, the study establishes an input - output table for the hydrogen energy industry, with its applications in transportation, industry, construction, and other sectors as final demand and the construction, operation, and utilization stages of the hydrogen energy industry as intermediate inputs. Secondly, by combining carbon emission satellite accounts, the study analyzes the macroeconomic impacts from both economic and emissions perspectives. The results indicate that an investment of approximately 126 million yuan in green hydrogen production generates a GDP value of approximately 10, 000 million yuan. During the operational phase, the average annual GDP contribution is close to 20 million yuan. Green hydrogen brings about only about one- tenth of the total carbon emissions compared to blue hydrogen and gray hydrogen, demonstrating significant decarbonization advantages. Finally, this research method can be applied to studies at the provincial and even city levels.