随着煤炭资源的不断开采，煤自燃造成的经济损失和人员伤亡问题日益突出，研究煤自燃的机理、应对策略及煤火资源利用，对推进煤自燃绿色防治具有重要意义。对煤自燃的研究现状进行了总结和梳理，主要对煤自燃的机理及防治技术、煤火灾害热动力演化和煤火热能提取与利用方面进行综述，旨在为煤自燃领域的研究和实践提供参考，促进煤火灾害的有效控制和资源的合理利用。

With the continuous exploitation of coal resources, the economic losses and casualties caused by coal spontaneous combustion have become increasingly prominent. It is of great significance to study the mechanism of coal spontaneous combustion, coping strategies and utilization of coal fire resources to promote the green prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion. This paper summarizes and combs the research status of coal spontaneous combustion, mainly reviews the mechanism and prevention technology of coal spontaneous combustion, the thermal dynamic evolution of coal fire disaster and the extraction and utilization of coal fire thermal energy. The purpose is to provide reference for the research and practice in the field of coal spontaneous combustion, and to promote the effective control of coal fire disasters and the rational use of resources.