目前大多数冲击地压防治研究集中于水平和缓倾斜煤层，而近直立煤层由于独特的赋存特性，冲击地压显现特征与常规水平煤层具有显著差异。以国家能源集团新疆能源化工有限公司乌东煤矿为研究背景，通过数值模拟研究了动静载叠加条件下近直立煤层巷道围岩应力、位移和塑性区分布特征，结果表明：静载作用下，围岩应力分布呈区域应力相互贯通、局部高应力集中的特点，巷道围岩应力、位移和塑性区呈非对称分布特征，具体表现为巷道上部区域应力和位移随着距坚硬顶板距离变小而逐渐增大，并在巷道右帮肩部煤体与坚硬顶板交界位置达到峰值；动静载叠加作用后，围岩应力、位移和塑性区非对称分布特征进一步加剧，局部峰值应力显著增加，动载导致的围岩最大变形量比静载条件下提高了2倍，高应力集中区和塑性区急速扩展。基于动静载叠加条件下巷道围岩非对称损伤特征，针对性提出了乌东煤矿近直立煤层群开采的巷道支护优化方案：加密顶板锚杆索间排距以减少动静载影响:增加巷道上部锚杆数量、调整锚杆倾斜角度来应对巷道顶板变形;在巷道右帮肩部增设短锚索以避免坚硬顶板的挤压和撬动影响；提高锚杆预紧力来提高抗动载冲击能力。该支护优化方案大幅提高了巷道围岩在动静载叠加条件下的稳定性。

Currently, most research on rock burst prevention and control focuses on horizontal and gently inclined coal seams. However, due to the unique occurrence characteristics of near-vertical coal seams, the characteristics of rock burst in these seams are significantly different from those of conventional horizontal coal seams. Using the Wudong coal mine of CHN Energy Xinjiang Energy Co., Ltd. as a case study, numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the distribution characteristics of stress, displacement, and plastic zones of roadway surrounding rock in near-vertical coal seams under combined dynamic and static loads. The results showed that under static loads, the surrounding rock stress distribution exhibited regional stress interconnection and local high stress concentration, with asymmetric distribution characteristics of stress, displacement, and plastic zones. Specifically, the stress and displacement in the upper region of the roadways gradually increased as the distance to the hard roof decreased, reaching a peak at the junction of the coal body and the hard roof on the right shoulder of the roadway. Under combined dynamic and static loads, the asymmetric distribution characteristics of surrounding rock stress, displacement, and plastic zones were further intensified. The local peak stress significantly increased, and the maximum deformation of the surrounding rock caused by dynamic loads doubled compared to under the condition of static loads. The high stress concentration zones and plastic zones rapidly expanded. Based on the asymmetric damage characteristics of the roadway surrounding rock under combined dynamic and static loads, an optimized roadway support scheme was proposed for the near-vertical coal seam group at Wudong Coal Mine, which included the following measures: reducing the spacing between roof anchor bolts and cables to mitigate the effect of dynamic and static loads; increasing the number of roof anchor bolts and adjusting their inclination angles to address the roof deformation; adding short anchor cables at the right shoulder of the roadway to prevent the compression and prying of the hard roof; and enhancing the pre-tensioning force of the anchor bolts to improve the resistance to dynamic load impact. This optimized support scheme significantly improves the stability of the roadway surrounding rock under the condition of combined dynamic and static loads.