我国煤矿水害防治技术新进展及其方法论思考

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Title

Features and prevention countermeasures of major disasters occurred in China coal mine
作者

靳德武
Author

Ding Baichuan
单位

中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司水工环研发中心陕西省煤矿水害防治技术重点实验室
Organization

Division of Accident Investigation, State Administration of Coal Mine Safety
摘要

为有效防范重特大水害事故的发生,针对近年来我国煤矿水害事故发生特点,分析了突水危险性预测评价、煤层底板灰岩含水层注浆改造、矿井水害监测预警、过水大通道快速封堵等4个方面取得的新进展,如突水案例知识挖掘、顶板涌水量动态预测、岩溶水害超前区域治理、突水监测技术基础等,这些新进展的取得丰富和发展了矿井水害防治技术体系的科学内涵,为煤炭工业的可持续发展提供了新的技术支撑。在回顾上述4个方面技术新进展的基础上,从哲学方法论角度,构建了岩溶水害防治技术方法体系,提出了"主动、适应、改造"的水害防治三观点,以及"合理性、完备性、协调性、变通性、可靠性"等防治水工程设计五原则,并提出尽快设立水害治理工学、大力推进其工程控制标准研究的建议。
Abstract

In order to effectively prevent and control the major accidents occurred in coal mine and to realize the safety production situation to be sustainable stabl e and better, the classified discussion was conducted on the basic condition and disaster features of the major disaster gas, water disaster, fire disaster, roof and coal d ust accidents occurred in China coal mines from year of 2011 to 2016. The detail analysis was conducted on the major problems and lessons from the each type accide nt. Therefore,“five changes' measure proposals to prevent and control the major disasters were provided. Thus the local control as a main would be changed to the regi onal control as a main, the human prevention would be changed to comprehensive prevention and control with human prevention, technical prevention and material pre vention, the“going it alone' 'would be changed to group prevention and group control, the disaster management and control as a main would be changed to a risk preven tion and control and the process provention and control as a main would be changed to a source prevention as a main.
关键词

矿井水害防治注浆改造水害监测预警方法论
KeyWords

coal mine disaster; gas; water disaster; fire disaster; roof; coal dust; disaster prevention;
基金项目(Foundation)

“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAC10B03)；
相关专题

这篇文章属于《煤炭科学技术》2017年度高影响力论文（2019年评选）（30篇）