作为一项社会实践活动,水利工程在优化水资源配置和改善生态环境中作用显著,但其项目规划及实施过程各环节中的非完美性不容忽视。工程社会学这一交叉学科提供了研究工程活动中社会因素与工程技术间相互作用的新视角。在工程社会学视域下分析水利工程活动与社会的关系,能够加深对水利工程系统与社会之间相互关联和张力的理解,更深入地认识水利工程活动规律。水利工程受社会因素影响,同时也影响着社会;其非完美性主要表现在工程设计中的理想与现实的差距、工程建造中的全面协调与局部妥协,以及工程使用中的标准化操作与适应性挑战。面向未来,应形成对水利工程非完美性的新认知,聚焦非完美性推动水利工程创新发展,进而借助非完美性在水利工程的社会实践中驱动人的本质力量发展。

Non perfection is one of the normal and characteristic features of water conservancy engineering practice. The imperfection of hydraulic engineering contains profound sociological significance in engineering. From the perspective of engineering sociology, analyzing the relationship between engineering activities and society can deepen our understanding of the interdependence and tension between hydraulic engineering systems and society, and provide new perspectives and ideas to promote the development of hydraulic engineering towards a more scientific, rational, and sustainable direction. This study mainly uses various methods such as literature review, case analysis, and field research, and comprehensively applies the theory of engineering sociology to deeply analyze the imperfection of water conservancy engineering. The research conditions include abundant case studies of water conservancy projects, a professional research team, and necessary research funding and equipment support. The research process first uses the basic method of literature review to extensively collect research results on the imperfection of water conservancy engineering at home and abroad, sort out their relevant theories and research status, and clarify the research questions. Subsequently, by deeply analyzing its imperfect performance in various aspects such as design, construction, and use, and collecting data through field research, interviews, and other methods, combined with specific cases of water conservancy engineering for analysis. At the same time, based on the actual situation of the case and the comprehensive application of engineering sociology theory, this paper summarizes the specific manifestations and essence of non-perfection in water conservancy engineering, and proposes the future development direction of non-perfection in water conservancy engineering from the perspective of engineering sociology. This study draws the following conclusions and main points: Water conservancy engineering plays a significant role in optimizing water resource allocation and improving the ecological environment, but its imperfection cannot be ignored. From the perspective of engineering sociology, water conservancy engineering has both social nature and function, and its construction and development are influenced by social factors, which also affect society. The imperfection of hydraulic engineering is mainly manifested in the gap between ideal and reality in engineering design, comprehensive coordination and partial compromise in engineering construction, and standardized operation and adaptability challenges in engineering use. The development of future water conservancy projects should face up to imperfection and form a new understanding of imperfection; Focusing on imperfection to promote innovative development of water conservancy engineering, and leveraging imperfection to drive the development of human essential power in the social practice of water conservancy engineering. The innovation of this study lies in the systematic analysis of the imperfect characteristics and causes of water conservancy engineering, as well as the socio-economic impact mechanism, from the interdisciplinary perspective of engineering sociology for the first time. In terms of policy implications, this article attempts to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the government and relevant departments in formulating water conservancy engineering policies, planning, and implementation processes. In terms of academic exchange, this study enriches the research content in the fields of hydraulic engineering and engineering sociology by focusing on the practical issue of "imperfection", providing new research perspectives and exploration directions.