高质量推进工程建设是夯实现代化强国的基础,也是工程可持续发展的必由之路。但在现实实践中,“完美工程”的应然追求与“非完美工程”的实然存在成为影响工程实践高质量发展的重要矛盾。工程“非完美性”的理性反思正是纾解这一矛盾的关键环节。本文运用理论分析与案例研究相结合的方法,在剖析工程“非完美性”的科学内涵和工程“非完美”现象的基础上,进一步提出纾解“非完美”现象,加速实现工程高质量发展的行动策略。工程“非完美性”贯穿于工程决策和规划设计、工程建造实施、工程运行和工程退役全生命周期,尽管人类无法构建出“完美工程”,但通过对工程活动中各个环节的全面调整和系统优化,能够纾解工程活动中存在的“非完美”现象,实现工程的高质量发展。

High-level and high-quality projects are a reliable support and an important guarantee to benefit mankind and create the future. With the practice of high-level technology enabling engineering, the decision makers, designers and construction implementers of some engineering activities have developed the ideal vision of creating perfect projects. However, ignoring the objective inevitability of engineering non-perfection and blindly pursuing the creation of perfect engineering not only seriously restrict the high-quality development of engineering practice, but also easily cause major engineering safety risks. Based on this, based on the social practice of engineering, engineering sociology, engineering philosophy of interdisciplinary vision, innovative proposed and explained the specific connotation of engineering "imperfect", focusing on the whole life cycle of engineering activities, using the combination of theoretical analysis and case study, the engineering "perfection" representation of the reality analysis, and put forward the relief engineering imperfect phenomenon, realize the development of engineering practice quality strategy, in order to the academic circle about "perfect" and "perfection" theory research, and the engineering practice of high quality development strategy to provide some ideas for reference. In general, the research has mainly formed the following views and conclusions:First, the word "imperfection" of engineering is different from the fact that the project is imperfect and unsafe, which is a value expression that emphasizes "expectation", "limitation" and "beauty". From the perspective of the engineering community, The "imperfection" of the project is reflected that there is no defect, And fully accord with the main purpose of all the subjective value orientation of the engineering community perfect engineering; From the social practice of engineering, Engineering "imperfection" is actually a practical reflection, On the basis of abandoning the negative meaning of "imperfect project" and the absolute meaning of "perfect project", Constantly "deconstruct" the way of thinking such as "perfect", "imperfect", "defects" and "complete", And then to achieve the objective inevitability of the understanding; From the perspective of the dialectical epistemology, Engineering "imperfection" is actually a "state of limited existence": A kind of "expected limitation (defects, limited) beauty", is the overall complete state under certain discrimination criteria, is the main body of the project on the basis of comprehensive objective laws, practical practice and development trend, A state of engineering with relativity, limitation and achievable. Second, engineering imperfection is an objective and inevitable phenomenon throughout the whole life cycle of engineering activities. Focus on the whole life cycle of engineering activities, engineering practice of "imperfection" in engineering decision "super coordination logic", engineering planning and design of "uniqueness", engineering decisions to the concrete implementation between "deviation", the limitations of engineering subject ability, uncertainty and Uncontrollability in project implementation, engineering system operation "fault tolerance" and engineering retired final results. Third, although the human can not build a "perfect project", but through the comprehensive adjustment of engineering activities and system optimization, such as building collaborative professional, open inclusive engineering community, enhance the scientific nature of engineering decisions and the sustainability of engineering design, improve the control of engineering construction accuracy and intelligent level, strengthen the adaptability and reliability of engineering system operation, can realize the high quality development of engineering practice.