厚层排土场改变了下部工作面开采的自重应力场，直接影响综放工作面的安全开采。综合采用理论分析、数值模拟和工程实测的方法，对沙坪煤矿排土场下首采13103综放工作面的矿压和岩层运移特征开展研究。结果表明，覆岩存在多关键层影响，靠近采场的关键层决定顶板的破断步距；排土场改变了工作面的垂直应力分布特征，原始地貌和排土场叠加影响下，垂直应力差值超过2 MPa；地裂缝的特征验证了初次的O-X型破断模式；观测发现老排土场下初次沉陷盆地中部发生底鼓，工作面内部裂缝和前后拉动裂缝与工作面平行，侧向拉动裂缝与工作面不同角度相交。该研究工作为排土场下工作面开采地质灾害防控和矿压研究提供参考。

 The thick layer spoil dump changes the self-weight stress field of the lower working face mining, which directly affects the safe mining of the fully mechanized caving face. By using the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering measurement, the mine pressure and strata movement characteristics of the first mining in No.13103 fully mechanized caving face under the dump of Shaping Mine were studied. The results showed that there were many key strata in the overlying strata, and the key strata near the stope determined the roof breaking step. The dump changed the vertical stress distribution characteristics of the working face, and the vertical stress difference under the influence of the original landform and the dump was more than 2 MPa. The characteristics of ground fissures verified the initial O-X fracture mode. Through observation, it was found that the floor heave occurred in the middle of the primary subsidence basin under the old dump. The internal cracks and front and back pulling cracks of the working face were parallel to the working face, and the lateral pulling cracks intersected with the working face at different angles. The research work provided a reference case for the prevention and control of geological disasters and the study of mine pressure in the working face under the dump.