在当前全球气候变化和资源紧张的大背景下,实现"双碳"目标已成为各国的共同追求,开发利用矿山地下空间成为实现可持续发展的重要途径。地下空间精细探测作为矿山地下空间开发利用的重要前提,引起了学术界的广泛关注,是确保矿山地下空间安全、高效开发的基础。阐述了矿山地下空间探测技术的方法原理及当前发展现状,从“空(天)-地-井-巷"多视角以及"重-磁-电-震”多方法探测手段两个维度,系统地梳理了地下空间探测技术;通过深入分析和对比各物探方法在探测范围、探测深度、成本效益和异常体敏感性方面的区别,分析了不同矿山地下空间探测方法对于不同应用场景的适用性,总结并归纳出各探测方法的优势与局限性;研究了矿山地下空间探测的典型应用,通过分析实际工程应用的探测结果,凸显了各探测技术在实际工程中的应用价值,同时为今后的技术优化提供了实践基础。此外,探讨了未来矿山地下空间探测技术的发展趋势,阐明了多空间多维度联合探测与地下空间感知探测一体化机器人研究的可行性与必要性,有望进一步提升矿山地下空间探测的精度和效率,降低复杂地质环境下矿山地下空间探测的探测成本和探测风险,为矿山地下空间探测技术的未来发展方向提供了参考。

Under the background of global climate change and resource shortage, realizing the goal of “ doublecarbon” has become the common pursuit of all countries,and the exploitation and utilization of mine undergroundspace has become an important way to achieve sustainable development. As an important prerequisite for the exploita⁃tion and utilization of underground space,fine detection of underground space has attracted extensive attention from theacademic community,and is the basis for ensuring the safe and efficient exploitation of underground space. This paperexpounds the method principle and current development status of underground space detection technology in mines,systematically combs the underground space detection technology from two dimensions of “air (sky) ⁃ ground⁃well⁃roadway” and “gravity⁃magnetic⁃electric⁃seismic”. Through in⁃depth analysis and comparison of the differences of ge⁃ophysical explorationmethodsindetectionrange, detectiondepth, costeffectivenessandanomalousbodysensitivity, the applicability of different mining underground space exploration methods to different applicationscenarios is analyzed,and the advantages and limitations of each exploration method are summarized. The typical ap⁃plication of underground space exploration in mines is studied. By analyzing the exploration results of practical engi⁃neering application,the application value of each exploration technology in practical engineering is highlighted,and thepractical basis is provided for the future technology optimization. In addition,the development trend of mine under⁃ground space detection technology in the future is discussed,and the feasibility and necessity of integrated robot re⁃search on multi⁃space and multi⁃dimensional joint detection and underground space perception detection isexpounded,which is expected to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of mine underground space detection,andreduce the detection cost and risk of mine underground space detection under complex geological environment. It pro⁃vides a reference for the future development direction of underground space detection technology in mines.