Hunan Academy of Forestry
Forestry Institute of Yueyang City
Academy of AgriculturalPlanning and Engineering
Central South Inventory and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration

矿区尾砂由于其碱性大、养分含量低等特点,不利于植物的生长,严重时甚至会造成一系列环境问题。探究了生物炭和刺槐对矿区尾砂土壤的改良效果,为盐碱化土壤改良提供理论依据,改善土壤环境,提高土地生产力。通过盆栽实验,根据不同生物炭施加量设置了4个处理组,分别为CK(不施加生物炭,对照组)、BC1(施加1%生物炭)、BC3(施加3%生物炭)和BC5(施加5%生物炭),对刺槐的存活率、生长(苗高、地径)、生物量、根系形态以及土壤理化性质的变化进行了测定分析。结果显示,当生物炭添加量为5%时,刺槐的苗高、根长和生物量均达到最大值。与CK相比,BC1、BC3和BC5的土壤pH显著下降(1.41%~7.51%),这表明生物炭可以通过中和作用有效降低土壤碱性。电导率随着生物炭施入量的增加而增加,尤其是5%的生物炭效果最显著,上升了181.75%。土壤有机碳含量和有效磷含量均有所提高,BC5组分别较CK提高了42.25%和111.67%,这说明生物炭增加了土壤营养元素含量,提高了土壤肥力,有利于缓解土壤贫瘠化。土壤中的速效钾含量呈下降趋势,BC5组较CK下降了26.39%,这表明土壤中的营养元素发生了交换。综合分析表明,施加5%的生物炭可以更好地促进刺槐的生长,降低土壤pH,提高土壤肥力,从而实现废弃资源的利用和土壤改良的效果。

Due to its high alkalinity and low nutrient content, the tailing soil in the mining area are notconducive to the growth of plants and may even cause environmental pollution in severe cases. The impact of biocharand Robinia pseudoacacia on the tailing soil in mining areas was studied to provide a theoretical foundation for saline⁃alkaline improvement,and improve soil environment,and increase land productivity. Pot experiments were conducted,and four treatments were established according to different biochar application amounts,namely CK (no biochar ap⁃plied,control group),BC1 (1% biochar applied),BC3 (3% biochar applied),and BC5 (5% biochar applied). Thephysical and chemical properties of the soil and the changes in survival rate,growth (seeding heigh and ground diame⁃ter),biomass,and root morphology of R. pseudoacacia were assessed. Results indicated that the seedling height,rootlength,and biomass of R. pseudoacacia reached their maximum values when the biochar addition amount was 5%. Thesoil pH of BC1,BC3,and BC5 significantly decreased (1. 41% - 7. 51%) compared with CK,suggesting that bio⁃char can effectively reduce soil alkalinity through neutralization. The electrical conductivity increased with the rise inbiochar application amount,especially with 5% biochar,which had the most significant effect,increasing the conductiv⁃ity content by 181.75%. Simultaneously,both the soil organic carbon content and available phosphorus content in⁃creased,the BC5 group increased by 42.25% and 111.67% respectively compared with CK,indicating that biochar en⁃hanced the content of soil nutrient elements,improved soil fertility,and was beneficial in alleviating soil impoverish⁃ment. The available potassium content in the soil showed a downward trend,the BC5 group decreased by 26.39% com⁃pared with CK,indicating that nutrient element exchange in the soil occurred. A comprehensive analysis showed thatapplying 5% biochar can better promote the growth of R. pseudoacacia,reduce soil pH,and improve soil fertility,there⁃by achieving the effects of waste resource utilization and soil improvement. This entire study and its findings were inte⁃grated into a single comprehensive paragraph as requested.

湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2023JJ10023);湖南省林业科技创新资助项目(XLKY202223)

陆日惠,李科,盛世红,等.生物炭联合刺槐对矿区尾砂盐碱化土壤的改良效果[J].绿色矿山,2024,2(3):305-311.

LU Rihui,LI Ke,SHENG Shihong,et al.Improvement effects of biochar combined with Robinia pseudoacacia onsalinized soil of Tailings in a mining area[J].Journal of Green Mine,2024,2(3):305-311.