锚固孔钻进作成孔质量深受岩体内存在的软弱夹层结构面的影响，这些软弱夹层往往是岩体中的隐患，影响钻进的稳定性和效率，关系到整个支护结构的稳定性和安全性。当钻头钻进软弱夹层时，其动态响应特征会变得明显起来，这种响应反映了钻进过程中岩体结构的变化情况。

基于钻进比能的研究视角，利用自主研发的随钻测量系统，开展含有软弱夹层的类岩体试件数字钻探试验。这一系统能够实时、准确地监测并记录随钻过程中的各项参数，如钻压、扭矩、转速以及钻进速度等。通过对这些参数的敏感度分析、主成分分析和熵值分析，评估不同参数对软弱夹层响应特征的反馈程度，从而确定了影响最为显著的参数指标。其次，基于显著参数指标，建立钻进功率比识别法，实现类岩体软弱夹层智能化识别。

研究结果表明：(1)扭矩参数在随钻破岩和软弱夹层特性识别中起主要作用，其权重最大，反馈度效果最佳。(2)以扭矩参数变化为主要识别特征而建立的钻进功率比识别法，成功将软弱夹层厚度识别的平均准确率由原先的72.943%提高至88.268%，同时基于钻进功率比提出的倾角识别法，经计算倾角识别平均准确率高90.833%，软弱夹层特性识别精确度得到显著提高。这一显著的提升不仅证明了新方法的有效性，也为实际工程中的岩体软弱夹层识别与处理提供了准确和可靠的依据。

The drilling quality of anchor boreholes is significantly influenced by the structural planes of weak interlayers within rock masses. Weak interlayers, tending to be hidden hazards within rock masses, affect the drilling stability and efficiency, further influencing the stability and safety of the whole support structure. Once drilled by drill bits, weak interlayers exhibit significant dynamic responses, which reflect the changes in rock mass structures during the drilling.

From the perspective of drilling specific energy, this study conducted digital drilling experiments on rock mass-like specimens bearing weak interlayers using the independently developed measurement while drilling (MWD) system, which allows for real-time and accurate monitoring and recording of drilling parameters such as drilling pressure, torque, rotational speed, and drilling velocity. By analyzing the sensitivity, principal components, and entropy of these parameters, this study assessed their degrees of feedback on the response characteristics of weak interlayers, determining the most significant parameter. Subsequently, this study developed a method to identify the drilling power ratio (the ratio of torque-induced rock-breaking energy to total rock-breaking energy) based on the most significant parameter, achieving the intelligent identification of weak interlayers within the rock mass-like specimens.

The results indicate that torque played a pivotal role in rock fracturing while drilling and the identification of weak interlayer characteristics. This parameter exhibited the highest weight and the optimal feedback effect. The drilling power ratio method, with torque variations as the primary characteristics for identification, successfully increased the average accuracy from 72.943% to 88.268% in identifying the thicknesses of weak interlayers. Furthermore, the method to identify dip angles was developed based on drilling power ratios. The calculation results indicate that this method yielded an average accuracy of 90.833% in the dip angle identification of weak interlayers. All these suggest a significant enhancement of the identification accuracy of weak interlayer characteristics. This corroborates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, providing an accurate and reliable basis for identifying and dealing with weak interlayers within rock masses during actual engineering.