为研究不同配料比、质量分数的胶结充填体在冲击荷载作用下的力学特征，采用50 mm杆径分离式霍普金森压杆试验装置对胶结充填体开展冲击加载试验；根据试验结果，借助Holmquist-Johnson-Cook(HJC)本构模型模拟了地下充填开采过程中充填体和煤岩受冲击地压影响的损伤过程。结果表明：胶结充填体的动态抗压强度呈现出良好的应变率效应；在较低应变率范围内（46.21~79.85 s⁻¹），符合粗骨料含量越高峰值应力越小的规律，充填体强度最高下降了87.94%；而在较高应变率范围内（145.01~197.48 s⁻¹），峰值应力随粗骨料含量的增加而明显增加，充填体强度最高增加了53.56%；质量分数和灰砂比的增加对抗压强度的应变率效应有显著的强化作用；质量分数和灰砂比增加使充填体试样的耗散率呈现升高趋势；数值模拟结果与试验结果具有较好的一致性，冲击地压模拟结果验证了充填开采中充填体对煤岩开采具有一定的保护作用。

To study the mechanical characteristics of cemented backfill with different batching ratio and mass fraction conditions under impact loading, a 50 mm rod diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar test device was used to carry out impact loading tests on the cemented backfill, and at the same time, according to the results of the SHPB experiments, the damage process of the cemented backfill and coal rock affected by the impact pressure in the underground backfill mining was simulated with the help of Holmquist-Johnson-Cook (HJC) model. The results show that the dynamic compressive strength of cemented backfill shows a good strain rate effect. In the lower strain rate range (46.21-79.85 s⁻¹), the higher the coarse aggregate content, the lower the peak stress, and the maximum strength of the filling body decreased by 87.94%; in the higher strain rate range (145.01-197.48 s⁻¹), the peak stress increases obviously with the increase of coarse aggregate content, and the strength of backfill increases by 53.56%; the increase of mass fraction and gray-sand ratio has a significant strengthening effect on the strain rate effect of compressive strength. The increase of mass fraction and ash-sand ratio makes the dissipation rate of the cemented backfill specimen show a tendency to increase; the numerical simulation results of SHPB are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the simulation results of impact ground pressure verified that the cemented backfill has a certain protective effect on the coal rock mining in the backfill mining.