煤层开采前超前实施探放水工程是消除顶板水害威胁的一项有效手段。选取宁东鸳鸯湖矿区延安组2煤典型工作面为研究对象，以地下水动力学“点源线汇”理论为基础，通过顶板水疏放问题概化和理论模型推导，建立了煤层顶板砂岩含水层单一倾斜钻孔疏放水稳定井流计算解析式；根据地下水“映射井”原理，推导了顶、底有界含水层疏放水过程任意1点降深计算的井流解析模型；根据地下水“辐射井”井流原理，提出了疏放水“辐射井”分支钻孔数量优化确定方法；融合“干扰井”井流叠加计算原理和有限厚含水层中的不完整井稳定流计算公式，进一步推导出“井群”叠加放水效应影响下空间任1点降深计算解析式；通过构建钻场间距优化计算解析模型，开展了不同采宽条件下钻场间距适配试算，确定了研究区疏放水钻场间距与工作面采宽之间的数学关系式，综合提出疏放水井孔工程优化确定方法；在宁东鸳鸯湖矿区典型案例工作面进行了应用，优化确定了工作面顶板疏放水区段、疏放水钻场间距以及疏放水钻孔施工参数。应用结果表明：通过工作面开采防治水综合效果检验，疏放水工程量和时效性较传统采前顶板水疏放模式实现了较大程度的优化。

It is an effective means to eliminate the threat of roof water damage to carry out water exploration and drainage project before coal seam mining. Selecting the typical working face of Yan’an Formation 2^# coal seam as the research object, which is widely distributed in Yuanyanghu Mining Area of Ningdong Coal Field, based on the “point-source & line-sink” theory of groundwater dynamics, through the generalization of roof water drainage problem and theoretical model derivation, the analytical formula for calculating stable well flow of single inclined borehole water drainage in sandstone aquifer of coal seam roof is established. Based on the principle of “mapping well” for groundwater, analytical model of well flow for calculating the depth reduction at any point during the drainage process of bounded aquifers at the top and bottom has been derived, then, based on the principle of underground water radiation well flow, a method for optimizing the number of branch boreholes in the “radiation well” for drainage water has been proposed. By integrating the principle of “interference well” well flow superposition calculation and the formula for calculating the stable flow of incomplete wells in a finite thickness aquifer, an analytical formula for calculating the depth reduction at any point in space under the influence of the water release effect of the “well group” superposition is further derived. By constructing an optimization calculation analytical model for the spacing between drilling sites and conducting trial calculations for the spacing between drilling sites under different mining width conditions, the mathematical relationship between the spacing between drainage drilling sites and the mining width of the working face in the study area is determined. A comprehensive optimization method for drainage well hole engineering is proposed, which is applied to a typical case working face in Yuanyanghu Mining Area of Ningdong Coal Field. The drainage section of the working face roof, the spacing between drainage drilling sites, and the construction parameters of drainage drilling holes are optimized and determined. The application results show that the quantity and timeliness of water discharge are optimized to a greater extent than the traditional pre-mining roof water discharge mode through the comprehensive effect test of water control in working face mining.