针对哈密矿区弱胶结复杂条件巷道围岩控制问题,通过理论建模和力学分析等方法,提出巷道锚杆(索)拉伸破坏类型及其锚杆(索)动载拉伸破坏预测与控制方法。研究表明:弱胶结复杂条件巷道锚杆(索)主要有高应力“静载”及采动“动-静载”两种拉伸破坏类型;构建“支护-围岩”局部结构空间模型,得到巷道岩体受动载震动速度和锚杆动载冲击力,确定“动-静载”条件下锚杆拉伸破坏判据;考虑巷道“支护-围岩”作用原理及限定变形和给定变形两种工作状态,提出以“提高锚杆直径或增加支护密度、控制合理二次支护时机及强度”为核心的锚杆拉伸破断控制策略。研究为巷道支护参数优化设计提供参考。

Aiming at the control problem of roadway surrounding rock with weak cementation and complex conditions in Hami Mining Area, by methods such as theoretical modeling and mechanical analysis and so on, the types of roadway anchor rod (cable) tensile failure and their prediction and control method of dynamic load tensile failure of anchor rod (cable) are proposed. The research shows that there are two main tensile failure types for roadway anchor rod (cable) with weak cementation and complex conditions: high stress "static load" and mining "dynamic-static load"; Establish a local structural spatial model of "support-surrounding rock", obtain the roadway rock mass is affected by dynamic vibration velocity and the anchor rod dynamic load impact force, and determine the judging basis for anchor rod tensile failure under "dynamic-static load" condition; Considering the action principle of the "support-surrounding rock" in the roadway and the two working states of limited deformation and given deformation, a control strategy for anchor rod tensile fracture is proposed with the core of "increasing the diameter of the anchor rod or increasing the support density, controlling the reasonable timing and strength of secondary support".  The research provides theory and methods for quantitative optimization design of roadway support parameters.