新时代煤炭工业高质量发展对煤炭地质勘查工作提出了新要求，以资源勘查为主的传统地质勘查理论与技术方法需进一步优化、创新与发展，以适应矿山绿色勘查、高效安全智能化开采及生态环境友好绿色开发的新需求。研究指出，矿山开发过程中的资源、安全和生态问题归根结底是地质问题，与岩层等地质层(体)的地质属性密切相关，通过人工措施实现地质属性的定向改造已成为地质勘查工作的又一新内容，可有效提升矿山地质保障能力。据此，从地质条件变化研究入手，提出矿山地质层改性的概念，从理论架构、研究内容、工程技术应用和发展方向等方面尝试建立矿山地质层改性理论和技术体系。地质层改性的科学内涵是在不改变地壳浅层空间系统稳定性的前提下实现区域局部或部分岩层地质属性的正向改良，科学问题是先天条件和采动影响下地质层(体)地质属性的制约机制，核心技术是基于地质属性差异的矿山地质层(体)的精细识别和精准改良技术，技术目标是实现地质层(体)由不利于开发的负向属性向符合预设条件的正向属性转化，以改良制约资源综合利用的不良资源地质属性，弱化采动引发的冲击地压、水害、瓦斯突出等有害安全地质属性，消减地表沉降、地形地貌破坏、水系断流、矿井水污染等失衡生态地质属性，为矿山资源综合利用、煤炭安全开发以及生态环境友好提供地质保障。矿山地质层改性理论将地壳浅层空间地质层(体)系统的观念贯穿整个改性过程，突出场效应和多场叠加制约下的地质属性及演变规律的重要性，强调基于自然优良属性的仿生改良和近似恢复重构等改性技术的系统性，从源头保障地壳浅层空间系统的整体稳定性，一体化推进资源、安全和生态地质属性的系统改性，为矿山绿色安全高效生产地质保障提供全新的理论和技术支撑。

The modern coal industry has put additional demands on geological support work in its quest for superior development. Conventional geological exploration theories and technical approaches, which are mainly concerned with resource survey, need to be further improved in order to meet the new demands of efficient, safe, and intelligent mining, environmentally friendly and green development, and comprehensive mine resource utilization.According to this study, the resource, safety, and ecological problems that arise during the development of mines are essentially geological in nature and are closely related to the geological characteristics of geological bodies, or strata, like rock formations.The directed modification of geological properties through artificial measures has emerged as a new aspect of geological exploration work, effectively enhancing the geological support capability of mines.Starting from an investigation into the variations in geological conditions, this paper introduces the concept of mine geological modification. It establishes a theoretical and technical framework for mine geological modification in terms of its theoretical structure, research content, engineering and technological applications, and development directions.The scientific essence of geological modification lies in achieving positive improvement of local areas or partial rock stratum geological properties without compromising the stability of the shallow Earth system.The scientific inquiry revolves around the constraining mechanisms governing the geological properties of geological bodies under the influence of both original geological conditions and mining activities.The core technology revolves around precise identification and targeted modification of mine geological bodies based on differences in their geological properties.The technical objective is to transform geological bodies from negative properties that hinder development into positive properties that meet preset conditions. This involves improving adverse resource geological properties that hinder comprehensive resource utilisation, mitigating safety-related geological hazards such as rock bursts, water disasters, and gas outbursts induced by mining activities, and reducing ecological imbalances such as surface subsidence, landform destruction, watercourse drying up, and groundwater contamination in mines. This provides geological support for the comprehensive utilisation of mine resources, safe coal development, and environmental friendliness.The theory of mine geological modification integrates the concept of shallow Earth system geological bodiesthroughout the modification process, highlighting the significance of geological properties and their evolution patterns under the influence of field effects and multi-field superposition. It emphasises the systematic application of modification techniques such as bionic improvement and approximate restoration and reconstruction based on natural superior properties. This theory ensures the overall stability of the shallow Earth system from its source, systematically advancing the modification of resource, safety, and ecological geological properties in an integrated manner. It offers novel theoretical and technical support for geological safeguarding of green, safe, and efficient mine production.