长压短抽通风除尘是净化煤矿综掘工作面掘进区域高质量浓度粉尘的有效方法之一，特别是压抽配合产生的局部流场有利于对呼吸性粉尘的除降，而产尘源位置的动态变化对该方式除尘性能的影响不甚明晰。通过考虑产尘源位置沿横、纵2种方向的运动路径及往复次数，基于长压短抽试验平台设计了4种尘源移动路径，结合对长压短抽通风系统参数的调控，测试分析尘源在不同运动工况下对空间粉尘质量浓度、粉尘粒径质量浓度和粒径分布的影响。结果表明：在相同的通风参数下，横向路径对司机和行人呼吸带位置造成的粉尘质量浓度均低于纵向；而在横向路径中，当压风筒位于靠近抽风筒一侧且压风口位于司机前方约1 m区域时，司机与行人呼吸带位置的PM₁、PM_2.5和PM₁₀粉尘粒径质量浓度最低，通风除尘效果最好。空间粉尘扩散表现为：粒径小于2.5 µm的颗粒极易跟随抽风流场被抽尘口收集净化，而粒径大于10 µm的颗粒则会从产尘源和抽尘区域逃逸到司机及其后方区域，并以自然沉降为主。基于前期试验所得最优尘源移动路径与通风参数，在陕北某煤矿2304综掘工作面开展现场试验。结果表明：横向路径下司机位置和行人呼吸带位置的总粉尘质量浓度分别降低至85.6 mg/m³和21.9 mg/m³，降尘率最高达到76.9%；呼吸性粉尘质量浓度分别降低至15.3 mg/m³和10.5 mg/m³，降尘率最高达到85.2%，除尘性能明显提升。

Long pressure short extraction ventilation and dust removal method is one of the effective methods for removing high mass concentration dust in the excavation area of coal mine comprehensive heading face. Especially, the local flow field generated by the combination of pressure and suction is conducive to the removal and reduction of respiratory dust. However, the dynamic changes in the location of dust production sources have an unclear impact on the dust removal performance of this method. By considering the movement paths and reciprocating times of the dust source location in both horizontal and vertical directions, four dust source movement paths were designed based on the long pressure short extraction test platform. Combined with the regulation of the parameters of the long pressure short extraction ventilation system, the impact of the dust source on the spatial dust mass concentration, particle size mass concentration, and particle size distribution under different movement conditions was tested and analyzed. The results show that under the same ventilation parameters, the dust mass concentration caused by the horizontal path on the respiratory belt positions of drivers and pedestrians is lower than that caused by the vertical path. In the horizontal path, when the pressure air duct is located on the side near the exhaust duct and the pressure air outlet is located in an area about 1 m in front of the driver, the particle size mass concentrations of PM₁, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ at the breathing zone between the driver and pedestrian are the lowest, and the ventilation and dust removal effect is the best. The diffusion of spatial dust is manifested as: particles with a particle size less than 2.5 µm are easily collected and removed by the exhaust flow field at the exhaust port, while the particles with a particle size greater than 10 µm will escape from the dust generation source and exhaust area to the driver and the area behind them, and mainly settle naturally. Based on the optimal dust source movement path and ventilation parameters obtained from preliminary experiments, on-site experiments were conducted on the 2304 fully mechanized heading face of a coal mine in northern Shaanxi. The results show that the total dust mass concentration at the driver's position and pedestrian breathing zone position under the lateral path decreased to 85.6 mg/m³ and 21.9 mg/m³, respectively, with the highest dust reduction rate reaching 76.9%. The mass concentration of respirable dust decreased to 15.3 mg/m³ and 10.5 mg/m³ respectively, with a maximum dust reduction rate of 85.2% and the dust removal performance was significantly improved.