能源安全和“双碳”目标影响着全球能源产业链供应链，对我国能源电力系统的安全高效和绿色低碳转型提出了迫切的要求。为保障能源安全，煤电在未来相当长一段时间内仍是我国电力供应安全及可再生能源消纳的重要支撑。为实现碳中和，能源系统逐渐从主要依赖化石能源转向以可再生能源为主，但可再生能源的间歇性、随机性、波动性特点使得电力系统调节更加困难，系统平衡和安全问题更加突出。在这种情况下，以氨为代表等零碳燃料在处理可再生能源的间歇性方面发挥着不可或缺的作用，其既可作为长时大规模储能的载体来实现可再生能源大规模消纳，又可灵活地用在锅炉等动力设备中直接替代燃用。然而，由于零碳燃料与化石燃料在理化性质上的差异，导致零碳燃料在燃用过程中存在如火焰稳定性差、易生成氮氧化物等问题，给氨燃料的大规模利用带来了挑战。为此，从煤炭掺氨燃烧的可行性、经济性和必要性出发，对氨煤共燃的化学反应动力学、燃烧特性(着火、稳燃)和污染物生成特性(NO_x、飞灰颗粒物和碳烟生成)进行了全面综述，并讨论了以无量纲准则数为基础的燃烧器模化放大准则，详细探讨了现有工业级氨煤燃烧器高效稳定燃烧控制策略，C—N燃料分级、空气分级及其联合控制均有效降低NO_x的排放，未来融合人工智能、大数据及数字孪生等信息化技术，有望从源头为下一代面向双碳战略的新型绿色动力发电系统的研发提供科学支撑和路径参考。

Energy security and the “dual carbon” goals are impacting the global energy industry and supply chains, presenting some urgent needs for the secure, efficient, and green low-carbon transformation of energy and power systems in China. To ensure energy security, the coal-fired power plant will remain an important support for electricity supply security and the integration of renewable energy for a considerable period into the future in China. To achieve carbon neutrality, the energy system is gradually shifting from primarily relying on fossil fuels to primarily relying on renewable energy. However, the intermittency, randomness, and volatility of renewable energy make power system regulation more challenging, highlighting the issues of system balance and security. In this context, the zero-carbon fuels such as ammonia play an indispensable role in dealing with the intermittency of renewable energy. They can serve as carriers for long-term and large-scale energy storage to facilitate the large-scale integration of renewable energy and can also be flexibly used directly in power equipment such as boilers to replace fossil fuels. However, due to the differences in physical and chemical properties between zero-carbon fuels and fossil fuels, some challenges arise in the widespread utilization of ammonia fuel, such as poor flame stability and the generation of nitrogen oxides during combustion. Therefore, based on the feasibility, economy and necessity of ammoniac-coal co-combustion, this paper comprehensively reviews the chemical reaction kinetics, combustion characteristics (ignition, steady combustion) and pollutants characteristics (NO_x, fly ash particles and soot) of ammoniac-coal co-combustion, and discusses the scaling laws of burner based on the dimensionless number. The efficient and stable combustion control strategy of existing industrial grade ammonia-coal burners is discussed in detail. The C—N fuel separation, air staged and their joint control technology can effectively reduce NO_x emissions. In the future, artificial intelligence, big data and digital twin and other information technologies are integrated. It is expected to provide a scientific support and path reference for the research and development of the next generation of new green power generation system oriented to the dual carbon strategy from the source.