【目的】北极海冰融池演化包括水平方向的形态变化与垂直方向的结构演化,目前缺乏海冰融池内部垂向结构的观测设备,针对北极海冰融池观测存在的问题,设计了北极海冰融池垂向温度剖面自动观测系统。【方法】该系统由观测模块、供电模块、数采模块、数传模块以及辅助模块组成,可量化海冰、积雪、融池内部的热传导通量,估算融池内部融水的热库效应,还可以反演融池深度与海冰厚度的连续变化,量化融池水分配情况,与融池表面形态演化观测结果互相补充。【结果】系统实现大气、积雪、海冰、融池以及海洋连续自动观测,为海冰融池模式结果验证提供现场数据,提升我国对北极海冰快速变化的观测能力,具有重要的工程应用价值。

【Purposes】The evolution of the Arctic sea ice melt pond includes the morphological  change in the horizontal direction and the structural evolution in the vertical direction, but there is a  few observation equipment for the vertical structure of the melt pond. In view of the problems existing  in the observation of the Arctic sea ice melt pond, an automatic observation system for the vertical  temperature profile of melt pond is designed. 【Methods】The system is composed of observation mod⁃ ule, power supply module, data acquisition module, data transmission module, and auxiliary module. 【Findings】 This system can realize continuous automatic observation of the atmosphere, snow, sea  ice, melt pond, and upper ocean. The system can also provide on-site data for the verification of the  results of the melt pond model, improving China’s ability to observe the rapid changes of the Arctic  sea ice, and has important engineering application value.