浮选是低品质矿及煤分选提质的有效手段，其中微细粒浮选难题突出，而纳米气泡则是解决该难题的重要途径，但关于纳米气泡浮选过程强化的诸多基础科学问题仍未解决。为促进微细粒纳米气泡浮选过程强化技术的开发，重点围绕浮选过程中纳米气泡的界面选择性成核动力学、界面纳米气泡超常稳定性机理及纳米气泡强化颗粒-气泡捕获效率微观作用机制等三个关键科学问题，介绍了笔者团队在纳米气泡浮选过程强化方向的最新研究进展。研究结果表明：纳米气泡的选择性成核是纳米气泡浮选过程强化的关键，而纳米气泡的稳定性则是纳米气泡浮选过程强化的前提；纳米气泡浮选过程强化的机制主要包括促进颗粒絮团与缩短诱导时间，其内在作用机制来自纳米气泡长程疏水引力与边界滑移的协同作用。笔者团队的研究阐明了纳米气泡固-液界面选择性成核的能量作用机制，提出了基于界面高密度气层自动补偿的界面纳米气泡稳定性机理，建立了微纳力学-边界滑移协同驱动的纳米气泡强化浮选界面作用机制，进一步丰富发展了现代浮选基础理论，为开发微细粒纳米气泡浮选过程强化技术提供了一定的指导。

Froth flotation process is a effective means for separation and upgrading of low-grade ore and low-rank coal. However, the process faces challenging problems in separation of micro-fine materials. Nanobubble flotation process proves to be an important approach for tackling the bottleneck. Nevertheless, numerous fundamental and scientific issues regarding intensification of this process still remain unresolved. With an aim to promote the development of the said process intensification technologies, a study is made in the paper with emphasis centered on the following three aspects: selective nucleation kinetics of interfacial nanobubbles, mechanism of exceptionally long-time stability of interficial nanobubbles, and the micro-mechanical mechanism of nanobubble-enhanced particle - bubble capture efficiency. Meanwhile, an introduction is made to the latest achievements of the work on enhancement of nanobubble flotation process obtained by the co-workers. As revealed by study results, selective nucleation of nanobubbles is a crucial factor contributing to process intensification while the stability of nanobubbles serves in this case as a prerequisite for effecting the intensification process; the mechanism of the process intensification lies in mainly promotion of formation of flocs of particles and cutting of induction time while the intrinsic mechanism of action comes into effect due to synergistic effect of long-range hydrophobic attraction force and boundary slip of nanobubbles. Though the study, the energy mechanism of selective nucleation of nanobubbles at the solid-liquid interface is brought to light; the stability mechanism of nanobubbles based on automatic compensation of high-density gas layers at the solid-liquid interface is proposed; and the mechanism that the action of interface in enhancing nanobubble flotation process is boosted by micronano mechanics - boundary slip combined effect is defined. The work made in the paper further enriches and develops the up-to-date basic theory of flotation process and provides a certain guidance for the development of the technology for effecting enhancement of nanobubble flotation process in separation of micro-fine particles.