为研究浮选水质对气泡粒径分布的影响，利用图像分析法测定了不同调浆水质环境下气泡粒径分布特征，研究了Ca²⁺浓度、Al³⁺浓度、pH值、水质硬度变化对气泡粒径分布的影响。研究结果表明：随着Ca²⁺、Al³⁺浓度的增加，气泡平均粒径减小，当离子浓度达到临界兼并浓度10⁻² mol/L时，气泡平均粒径保持恒定；随着pH值增大，气泡平均粒径先增大后减小，在pH = 7时气泡平均粒径最大，溶液呈酸性（pH < 7）时气泡平均粒径大于溶液呈碱性（pH > 7）时的气泡平均粒径；随着水质硬度逐渐增大，气泡平均粒径逐渐减小，当水质硬度达到临界兼并浓度600 mg/L CaCO₃时，气泡平均粒径不再继续减小，之后保持稳定，气泡稳定的平均粒径约为0.45 mm。研究结果为浮选调浆调控气泡尺寸、改善气泡矿化效果提供了理论和技术支撑。

In order to explore the effect of quality of water for pulp conditioning on bubble size distribution in flotation process, a study is made on the characteristics of bubbles size distribution when the water used varies in quality by using image analysis method, so as to make known the effect of variation of concentrations of Ca²⁺ and Al³⁺, and pH value and hardness of water on bubble size distribution. As indicated by test results, with the increase of concentrations of Ca²⁺ and Al³⁺, the average bubble size tends to decrease and stay constant at time when the ion concentration reaches the critical merging concentration of 10⁻² mol/L; with the increase of pH value, the average bubble size fist increase and then decrease and reaches a highest value at a pH value of 7, and when the solution becomes acid （pH < 7）, which is larger than the average bubble size when the solution is alkali with a pH value of > 7; and with the increase water hardness, the average bubble size tends to gradually diminish and stay unchanged when the hardness reaches the critical merger concentration of 600 mg/L CaCO₃, with an average size stabilized at 0.45 mm. The research-derived achievements provide both theoretical and technical support for regulating bubble size in pulp conditioning and improving bubble mineralization effects.