针对煤矿生产和建设中的水害源探测问题,基于瞬变电磁法"烟圈效应"理论,采用重叠回线装置对掘进工作面前方和回采工作面顶底板隐伏含(导)水构造进行探测,对测点布置和探测方向的设计进行了研究。结果表明:在掘进工作面两侧拐角位置,同一个探测方向分别按与巷道掘进方向呈30°、45°和60°角进行探测,不仅避免了掘进工作面常规方法超前探测时存在的盲区,而且有利于对异常区的空间定位;对回采工作面顶底板探测时,在同一个测点探测方向按与煤层呈45°角向顶板和向底板探测,使得探测范围内发育的赋水构造与工作装置耦合最佳,提高了信噪比。

According to the water disaster prediction problems in the mine construction and mine production, based on "the smoke circle effect" theory of the transi ent electromagnetic method, the overlapping return line device was applied to survey the hidden water bearing (flow) structures in the front of the gateway driving face and in the roof and floor of the coal mining face and to study the design of the measuring point layout and the survey direction.The results showed that at the turning Co rner locations of the two side walls in the gateway driving face, the survey could be conducted on the same survey direction with the gateway driving direction in 30°，4 5° and 60° .Thus the blind area existed in the conventional gateway driving method could be eliminated during the pilot survey and the space positioning in the abnormal zone would be favorable.During the roof and floor survey of the coal mining face, at the survey direction of the same measuring point, the detection could be conducted on the 45° of seam to the roof and to floor, the water structure developed in the detection scope could be best coupled with the work device and the signal and noise rat io could be improved.

国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2007CB209400)；