1.Hongshiyan Coal Mine of Shaanxi Province,Yan’an ,China;2.School of Energy, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an , China

针对红石岩煤矿工作面回风巷严重破坏问题,采用现场调查、实验室试验和理论分析等方法,分析了其破坏的影响因素及破坏机理,提出了以开底板卸压槽卸压为主的防治技术,并分析了卸压槽卸压原理。结果表明:引起巷道破坏的主要原因是邻近工作面的采场支承压力,次要原因是地质构造,其破坏机理为底板塑性屈服引起两帮剪压破坏,两帮破坏又使底板失去“支座”,加剧底鼓程度,直至平衡;卸压槽切断了直接底板,改变了底板受力结构和采场支承压力在底板的传递途径和方式,从而改变了围岩的受力状态,另外卸压槽吸收了底板变形,也有利于巷道的稳定;以卸压槽卸压为主的治理技术能有效地控制巷道变形破坏,满足安全生产的要求。

According to serious failure problems of the air return gateway in a coal mining face of Hongshiyan Mine, a site investigation, lab experiment, theoretical analysis and other methods were applied to analyze the failure influence factor and failure mechanism. The paper provided a prevention and control technology mainly with the floor pressure released slot to release the pressure and analyzed the pressure released mechanism of the pressure released slot. The results showed that the main cause of the failure occurred in the gateway were the support pressure of the coal mining face nearby. The second cause was the geological structure, the failure mechanism was that the plastic yield of the seam floor could cause the shearing failures of the two sidewalls, the two sidewall failure would make the floor lost a bracket and the floor heave degree would be increased until the floor pressure balanced. The pressure released slot would cut the direct floor and would change the floor stressed structure and the transmission path and method of the support pressure on the floor of the coal mining face. Therefore,the stressed status of the surrounding rock was changed, the pressure released slot could absorb the floor deformation and would be favorable to the stability of the mine roadway. The control technology mainly with the pressure released slot to release the pressure could effectively control the deformation failure of the mine roadway and could meet the requirements of the safety production.