近年来,工作面煤壁柔性加固技术的提出丰富了煤壁破坏防治技术理论。 为了进一步揭示 煤壁柔性加固技术中柔性棕绳的作用机制,明确浆液和柔性棕绳的耦合关系,降低柔性加固技术的 技术成本和应用难度,通过物理实验、理论分析、设备开发、工程应用等研究手段,优化了煤壁柔性 加固工艺。 通过三维相似模拟实验,对比研究了煤壁无加固、煤壁注浆加固和煤壁柔性加固条件下 煤壁的破坏特征,从宏观上揭示了煤壁柔性加固机理和柔性棕绳作用机制;将钻孔直径与柔性棕绳 直径的比值定义为孔径比,通过“柔性棕绳、浆液、煤体”拉拔试验,研究了孔径比、浆液类型对柔性 加固效果的影响,从而确定了浆液和柔性棕绳的数量耦合关系,开发了低成本的柔性加固注浆材 料;通过设备开发,研制了半环形注浆管。 研究表明:煤壁采用柔性加固可有效提高煤体的整体性 并减小煤壁破坏深度;当孔径比介于1.6~1.9时,煤壁柔性加固效果最佳,且越接近 1.9,柔性加 固效果越好;采用“超细水泥、矿粉、水玻璃”混合材料作为柔性加固注浆材料,矿粉添加量不超过 30% ,水玻璃的添加量不超过 10% ,可降低柔性加固技术应用成本;研制的半环形注浆管可有效减 小所需钻孔直径,降低技术应用难度;最后通过在瑞隆煤矿仰斜开采工作面应用煤壁柔性加固技 术,有效的缓解了煤壁破坏的发生,提高了煤壁的稳定性。 本文通过一系列实验研究,系统的优化 了煤壁柔性加固工艺,为煤壁柔性加固技术的科学应用提供了借鉴。

In recent years,the proposal of flexible reinforcement technology of coal wall in working face has enriched the theory of prevention and control of face failure. In order to further reveal the mechanism of flexible coir rope in flexible reinforcement technology of coal wall,clarify the coupling relationship between grout and flexible coir rope,and reduce the technical cost and application difficulty,this paper optimized the flexible reinforcement technology of coal wall by the means of physical experiment,theoretical analysis,equipment development and engineering application.The failure characteristics of coal wall with no support,grouting support and flexible support were studied through three-dimensional simulation experiments,which reveals the mechanism of flexible reinforcement technology of coal wall and flexible coir rope. The ratio of borehole diameter to flexible coir rope diameter is defined as borehole-rope di- ameter ratio. Through the pull-out test of “flexible coir rope,grout and coal”,the influence of borehole-rope diameter ratio and grouting type on the effect of flexible support was studied,and the quantitative coupling relationship between grout and flexible coir rope was determined,and a low-cost flexible support grouting material and a semi-annular grou- ting pipe were developed. The research showed: The flexible reinforcement technology of coal wall can effectively im- prove the integrity of coal body and reduce the wall damage depth;When the borehole-rope diameter ratio was between 1. 6 and 1. 9,the effect of the flexible support was the best,and the closer to 1. 9,the better the flexible support effect; Using “superfine cement,slag and sodium silicate” mixture as flexible support grouting material,the amount of slag added was not more than 30% ,and the amount of sodium silicate added was not more than 10% ,which can reduce the application cost of flexible support technology;The semi-annular grouting pipe developed can effectively reduce the re- quired borehole diameter and reduce the difficulty of technical application;Finally,through the engineering application of flexible reinforcement technology of coal wall in Ruilong Coal Mine,the occurrence of coal wall failure was effective- ly alleviated and the face stability was improved. Through a series of experimental studies,this paper systematically op- timized the flexible reinforcement technology of coal wall,which provides a reference for the scientific appli-cation of the technology.