煤矿井下智能化定向钻探是坑道钻探发展的高级阶段，是一个涉及多学科领域的系统工程，具有显著的特殊性和独立性，服务于智能化开采的全过程，为煤炭资源安全、高效、绿色、智能开采提供着技术支撑和装备保障。

 首先描述了我国煤矿井下定向钻进技术与装备发展历程，从稳定组合钻具定向钻进到有线随钻测控定向钻进，再到无线随钻测控大功率定向钻进，坑道钻探技术的创新发展与装备的升级换代推动实现顺煤层定向钻孔深度从“1 000 m”跨越到“3 000 m”。 明确了现阶段我国煤矿井下坑道钻探仍处于从机械化向自动化转变的发展定位，分析了智能化定向钻探面临的突出问题，提出了在实现自动化定向钻探的基础上向智能化定向钻探迈进的发展路径，归纳分析了自动化和智能化定向钻探的技术内涵和属性特征，自动化定向钻探强调钻探动作的自动控制执行，包括自动化定向钻机集成控制、多参数随钻测量信息融合、高精度导向控制、冲洗液循环自动控制等方面;智能化定向钻探强调钻探过程的智能最优化控制，包括智能分析与决策、低延时大容量数据传输、智能钻杆、钻探装备智能检测与诊断等方面。 

针对我国复杂多样的煤层赋存条件和不均衡发展的开采技术条件，建议分阶段、分区域、分层次推进煤矿井下智能化定向钻探探索与发展，并提出了智能化定向钻探亟待攻克的关键技术难题，包括自动化定向钻机研制、旋转导向钻进技术、地质导向钻进技术、随钻地质信息三维动态建模技术、智能化钻探数据库建立、钻孔事故预防与处理技术，同时介绍了“十三五”期间我国煤矿井下智能化定向钻探部分阶段性发展成果。

Intelligent directional drilling is the advanced stage of underground drilling development in underground coal mine,which is a system engineering involving multi-disciplinary fields,has significant particularity and independence, and serves the whole process of intelligent mining. It provides a technical and equipment support for the safe,efficient, green and intelligent mining of coal resources. First of all,the development process of directional drilling technology and equipment in underground coal mine is described,from the stable bottom hole assembly directional drilling to the wireline measurement while drilling(MWD)and to the wireless MWD with high-power. The realization of the depth of in-seam directional borehole from “1 000 m” to “3 000 m” is promoted by the innovation and development of under- ground drilling technology and the replacement of drilling equipment. At present,the development orientation of under- ground drilling is still in the transition from mechanization to automation in underground coal mine in China. In this paper,the outstanding problems faced by intelligent directional drilling are analyzed,the development path of intelli- gent directional drilling based on the realization of automatic directional drilling is put forward,and the technical con- notation and attribute characteristics of automatic and intelligent directional drilling are summarized and analyzed. The automatic directional drilling emphasizes the automatic control and execution of drilling actions,including the integrat- ed control of automatic directional drilling rig,the information fusion of MWD with multi parameters,high-precision steerable control,and the automatic control of flushing fluid circulation,etc. The intelligent directional drilling empha- sizes the intelligent optimization control,including intelligent analysis and decision,data transmission with low delay and large capacity,intelligent drill pipe,and the intelligent detection and diagnosis of drilling equipment,etc. In view of the occurrence conditions of complex and diverse coal seams and the mining technical conditions of unbalanced de- velopment,it is suggested to promote the exploration and development of intelligent directional drilling in underground coal mine by stages,regions and levels,and the key technical problems to be solved urgently are put forward,including the development of automatic directional drilling rig,the technology of rotary steerable drilling,the technology of geo- logical steerable drilling,the 3D dynamic modeling technology of geological information with MWD,the establishment of intelligent drilling database,and the prevention and treatment technology of drilling accidents. Also,the phased de- velopment achievements of intelligent directional drilling in underground coal mine during the 13th five year plan are introduced.