深入分析了新疆哈密淖毛湖中温煤沥青（CTPZ）和陕西榆林高温煤沥青（CTPG）的元素组成、热稳定性、微晶结构、分子结构特征等，选用Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法计算其热解活化能，对其甲苯可溶物和热聚合后试样的甲苯可溶物进行了GC-MS分析。结果表明，CTPZ和CTPG的H/C分别为1.005和0.510，O/C分别为0.062和0.015；CTPZ的热解反应更加剧烈，轻组分逸出更快，热稳定性差，最终残炭率分别为16.03%和38.47%，CTPZ仅为CTPG的42%；在210~390 ℃，平均热解活化能分别为84.24和104.47 kJ/mol；芳香片层间距分别为0.404和0.356 nm，分别比石墨的芳香片层间距0.340 nm高出18.82%和4.71%，前者芳环上连有烷烃侧链和非平面结构的环烷烃更多，芳环层间有序性更差；CTPZ以正构长链烷烃为主，C20~C28相对含量超过50%，鉴于CTPZ正构烷烃的相对含量超过50%，且碳链长度在石蜡油的要求之内，故可分离制备石蜡油，而CTPG以芳烃为主，相对含量超过70%，其中，荧蒽类物质相对含量约达40%。热聚合结果表明，CTPG热聚合0.5 h，达到改质沥青一级品标准，宜做改质沥青原料，而CTPZ热聚合长达6 h，喹啉不溶物QI、结焦值CV和软化点SP等仍远离标准。经对热聚后试样进行GC-MS分析发现，CTPG中多环芳烃含量增加，表明其发生的是芳烃缩聚反应，而CTPZ中链状烷烃含量增加，表明其发生的是芳烃侧链部分的裂解反应。

For the medium-temperature coal tar pitch (CTPZ) from Mane Lake,Xinjiang and the high-temperature coal tar pitch (CTPG) from Yulin,Shaanxi,the elemental composition,thermal stability,microcrystalline structure,molecular structure characteristics were analyzed deeply,the pyrolysis activation energy was calculated by the FlynnWall-Ozawa method,and the toluene soluble components and toluene soluble components of sample after thermal polymerization were determined by GC-MS. Results show that the H / C and O/ C ratios are 1. 005 and 0. 510,and 0. 062 and 0. 015,the pyrolysis reaction of CTPZ is more intense,the light components escape faster,and the thermal stability is poor,the final carbon residue rate is 16. 03% and 38. 47% ,respectively,CTPZ is only 42% of CTPG,the average pyrolysis activation energy are 84. 24 kJ/ mol and 104. 47 kJ/ mol at 210 -390oC,respectively,the aromatic sheet spacings of CTPZ and CTPG are 0. 404 nm and 0. 356 nm,which are 18. 82% and 4. 71% higher than the graphite aromatic sheet spacing of 0. 340 nm,respectively,the former aromatic ring has more alkane side chains and non-planar cyclic alkanes,and the order between the aromatic rings is worse,CTPZ consists of normal long-chain alkanes,in which relative content of C20-C28 is more than 50 %,considering that the relative content of CTPZ n-alkanes exceeds 50% ,and the carbon chain length is within the requirements of paraffin oil,paraffin oil can be separated and prepared,whereas CTPG involves mainly aromatic hydrocarbons,in which the relative content exceeds 70% ,especially the relative content of fluoranthene is about 40% . After CTPG and CTPZ polymerize thermally for 0. 5h and 6 h,respectively,the former is well in agree with the first grade of modified coal tar pitch,it is suitable for modified asphalt raw materials,while QI,CV and SP of the latter are still far from the standard value. The GC-MS analysis results of the samples polymerized thermally show that the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in CTPG increases,indicating that polycondensation reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons occur; whereas the content of chain alkanes in CTPZ increase,indicating pyrolysis reactions of part aromatic side chains take place.