为研究煤矿井下巷道锚固孔钻进动力学特性，满足煤矿智能钻探技术需求，以顶板锚固孔回转钻进为研究对象，结合钻柱动力学理论推导、数值解析、有限元仿真和动力响应信号识别技术，深入分析了典型含煤地层锚固孔钻进过程中的动力特性。推导建立了钻柱动力学模型，得出了钻柱系统动载受力的解析解，包括轴向力、切向力和转矩的计算方法。在典型煤层中，动载轴向力和切向力随压入深度的幅值区间为0.18～0.31 kN；动载轴向力和切向力随钻速的幅值区间为0.17～0.29 kN。进一步得出钻柱系统的振动加速度解析表达式，结合巷道支护工程背景，确定了钻柱系统的横向和纵向振动加速度是钻孔施工中衡量含煤地层特性的重要指标。通过有限元仿真分析了锚杆钻头分别钻进砂岩岩样、煤层岩样、孔洞砂岩和碎软煤样等4种典型含煤地层岩样时的载荷变化曲线，结果表明：钻进载荷在岩样强度变化时差别明显，在典型煤层中的仿真结果与解析计算的结果基本一致。利用制备的4种典型含煤地层岩样开展了实钻试验，通过加速度传感器对钻具振动信号进行采集和处理，并对振动加速度信号识别地层方法的有效性进行验证，试验结果表明：振动信号能够在锚杆钻头回转钻进条件下快速有效识别典型含煤地层特性，尤其在面对空穴发育地层和碎软煤层钻进的特殊工况时，钻进振动响应信号对地层识别效果良好。研究结果为煤矿井下巷道地层信息动态智能探测和钻探质量提升提供了有效途径。

The rotary drilling of anchor hole in coal seam roof is studied to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the engineering drilling during the drilling process according to the drill-string dynamic theory through numerical analysis, finite element simulation and identification of dynamic response signal, so as to meet the growing demand for intelligent drilling technology in the coal mine.Accordingly, the dynamic model of the drill string is derived and built, and the analytical solution of the dynamic loading force of the drill-string system is obtained, including the calculation methods of axial force, tangential force and torque.In a typical coal seam, the amplitude of the dynamic-loading axial force and tangential force varying with the pressed depth ranges from 0.18 kN to 0.31 kN; the amplitude of the dynamic-loading axial force and the tangential force varying with drilling speed ranges from 0.17 kN to 0.29 kN.The analytical expression of the vibration acceleration of the drill-string system is obtained. Combined with the engineering background of roadway support, it can be concluded that the lateral and longitudinal vibration accelerations of the drill-string system are important indicators for the characteristics of coal-bearing stratum during drilling. Furthermore, with the finite element simulation, the load curve of anchor drill bit rock drilling specimens in four typical coal-bearing strata was analyzed, including the sandstone specimen, coal seam rock specimen, hole sandstone specimen and broken soft coal specimen.As indicated by the simulation results, the drilling load varies significantly with the strength of the rock specimen, and the simulation results in a typical coal seam are basically consistent with the analytical calculation results.In addition, four typical rock specimens from coal-bearing stratum were used for the real drilling test, the vibration signal of the drilling tool is collected and processed by the acceleration sensor, and the effectiveness of the method of identifying the stratum with the vibration acceleration signal is verified. The test results show that, through the vibration signal, the characteristics of typical coal-bearing strata under the conditions of the rotary drilling of the anchor drill bit can be identified quickly and effectively; in particular, under the special working conditions of drilling the cavity development stratum and broken soft coal seam, the stratum can be identified remarkably through the drilling vibration response signal. The research results provide an effective method for dynamically and intelligently detecting underworkings stratum information in coal mine and improving the drilling quality.