以三峰级配技术制备的高浓度水煤浆气流床气化细灰为原料，进行碳灰分布特性及其分离试验研究，通过SEM-EDS(扫描电镜-能谱)、XRF(X 射线荧光光谱)、XRD(X 射线衍射) 和BET(表面及孔隙度分析)对细灰的物化性能进行分析，采用煤中碳和氢的测定方法对不同粒度细灰的碳含量进行测试并对结果进行分析，得出气化细灰基本特征、碳-灰分布规律，使用实验室常规浮选试验方法探索气化细灰的碳灰分离方式。结果表明，在常规浮选条件下，灰分为47.98%的细灰，可获得产率为14.95%灰分为45.53%的精矿产品，常规浮选效果较差，主要原因为：原煤经过气化后，大部分的有机质转变成气体产物，一些不具可燃性的矿物质在细灰中得到熔融、富集和转化，捕收剂为容易与矿物表面接触的常规药剂，在相互作用时仅产生物理吸附作用，细灰表面的矿物颗粒会与捕收剂紧密贴合，导致矿物表面亲水性增强，捕收效果变差，且细灰孔隙结构发达，比表面积、孔容积均较大，会吸入大量水分和浮选药剂，不仅使颗粒表面亲水不易上浮，同时消耗大量药剂;细灰的碳-灰分布特性表现为灰含量随其颗粒尺寸的减小逐渐升高，可通过粒度分级的方法对中煤榆林细灰进行碳灰分离，当分级尺寸在0.1 mm 时，可获得碳含量为79.78%，产率为54.20%的高碳细灰产品。

The distribution characteristics and separation of carbon and ash in high concentration coal water slurry entrained flow gasification fine ash prepared by three peak grading technology were studied. The physicochemical properties of fine ash were analyzed by SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscope energy dispersive spectrometry),XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy),XRD (X-ray diffraction) and bet (surface and porosity analysis). The carbon and hydrogen in coal were determined by the determination method the carbon content of gasification fine ash was tested and the results were analyzed. The basic characteristics of gasification fine ash and carbon ash distribution law were obtained. The carbon ash separation method of gasification fine ash was explored by using conventional flotation test method in laboratory. The results show that under the conventional flotation conditions,the fine ash with ash content of 47.98% can obtain flotation concentrate with yield of 14.95% and ash content of 45.53%. The main reason for the poor conventional flotation effect is that most of the organic matter of raw coal is transformed into gas products after gasification,some non-combustible minerals are melted,enriched and transformed in the fine ash,and the collector only has physical adsorption when it is easy to contact with the mineral surface,resulting in the mineral particles on the surface of the fine ash will react with the collector The fine ash has developed pore structure,large specific surface area and pore volume,and will inhale a lot of water and flotation reagents,which not only makes the particle surface hydrophilic and not easy to float,but also consumes a lot of reagents; the carbon ash distribution characteristic of fine ash is that the ash content gradually increases with the decrease of particle size,which can be determined by particle size classification The high carbon fine ash with 79.78% carbon content and 54.20% yield can be obtained when the classification size is 0.1 mm.